Shloka 45

Devanagari script

एते हि सचिवा राजं स्तारप्रभृतयस्तव।पुरवासी जनश्चायं परिवार्यासतेऽनघ4.25.45।।

Transliteration

ete hi sacivā rājan tārāprabhṛtayaḥ tava | puravāsī janaś cāyaṃ parivāryāsate ’nagha || 4.25.45 ||

Translation

Ó rei, estes são os teus ministros — Tārā e os demais — e estes cidadãos da cidade estão aqui sentados, cercando-te, ó irrepreensível.

Word by Word

• ete: these
• ete: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: etad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)

• hi: indeed, for
• hi: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/निपात)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: hi (अव्यय)
• Form: Particle (निपात) giving emphasis/reason

• sacivāḥ: ministers, counselors
• sacivāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: saciva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)

• rājan: O king
• rājan: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rājan (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Vocative (सम्बोधन), Singular (एकवचन)

• stārā-prabhṛtayaḥ: Tārā and the others
• stārā-prabhṛtayaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tārā-prabhṛti (समास; प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष) compound: tārā + prabhṛti ('beginning with'); Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)

• tava: your
• tava: Ṣaṣṭhī-sambandha (षष्ठी-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tvad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Genitive (षष्ठी), Singular (एकवचन)

• pura-vāsī: city-dwelling
• pura-vāsī: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: pura-vāsin (समास; प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष) compound: pura (city) + vāsin (dweller); Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन) qualifying 'janaḥ'

• janaḥ: people
• janaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: jana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन) (collective)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction (समुच्चय-अव्यय)

• ayam: this
• ayam: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• parivārya: having surrounded
• parivārya: Kriyā-viśeṣaṇa (क्रिया-विशेषण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: parivārya (कृदन्त; √vṛ धातु, परि-उपसर्ग)
• Form: Absolutive/Gerund (ल्यप्) used adverbially (अव्ययीभाववत्)

• āsate: they sit/are seated
• āsate: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: √ās (धातु)
• Form: Present (लट्), 3rd person (प्रथमपुरुष), Plural (बहुवचन); Ātmanepada (आत्मनेपद)

• anagha: O sinless one
• anagha: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: anagha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Vocative (सम्बोधन), Singular (एकवचन)

Context

'O lord of monkeys! these moon-faced wives were indeed once your favourites. Why don't you look at them? Why don't you look Sugriva?

Characters & Entities

• Tārā
• Vāli
• ministers (sacivāḥ)
• citizens (puravāsī janaḥ)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma appears as social duty: a king is held within a network of ministers and citizens; leadership is relational, not solitary.

What is the narrative situation?

Tārā points out that Vāli’s ministers and the people have gathered around him in mourning.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Civic loyalty and collective responsibility—ministers and citizens remain present at the fall of their ruler.