Ramayana — Ayodhya Kanda, Sarga 86, Shloka 12

लक्ष्मणगुणवर्णनम्

Lakshmana’s Vigil and Guha’s Testimony

Devanagari script

महता तपसा लब्धो विविधैश्च परिश्रमैः।एको दशरथस्यैष पुत्रस्सदृशलक्षणः।।।।

Transliteration

mahatā tapasā labdho vividhaiś ca pariśramaiḥ | eko daśarathasyaiṣa putraḥ sadṛśalakṣaṇaḥ ||

Translation

Conquistado por grande austeridade e por muitos esforços, este filho de Daśaratha permanece único, trazendo virtudes que verdadeiramente se assemelham às de seu pai.

Word by Word

• महता: by great
• महता: Karana (करण/Instrument)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महत् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसक/पुं, तृतीया (3rd case), एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifying तपसा)

• तपसा: by austerity
• तपसा: Karana (करण/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: तपस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd case), एकवचन

• लब्धः: obtained
• लब्धः: Karta (कर्ता/Predicate complement)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: लभ् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त)
• Form: भूतकर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st case), एकवचन; विधेय-विशेषण (obtained)

• विविधैः: by various
• विविधैः: Karana (करण/Instrument)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विविध (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुं/नपुंसक, तृतीया (3rd case), बहुवचन; विशेषण (qualifying परिश्रमैः)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Conjunction)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-निपात (and)

• परिश्रमैः: by efforts/exertions
• परिश्रमैः: Karana (करण/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: परिश्रम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd case), बहुवचन

• एकः: only/one
• एकः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: एक (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st case), एकवचन; विशेषण (qualifying पुत्रः)

• दशरथस्य: of Dasaratha
• दशरथस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Possessor)
• Type: Noun
• Root: दशरथ (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, षष्ठी (6th case), एकवचन (genitive)

• एषः: this (one)
• एषः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: एतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st case), एकवचन; सर्वनाम (this)

• पुत्रः: son
• पुत्रः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st case), एकवचन

• सदृशलक्षणः: having fitting/like marks (excellent traits)
• सदृशलक्षणः: Karta (कर्ता/Subject qualifier)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सदृश + लक्षण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st case), एकवचन; कर्मधारय-समास (सदृशं लक्षणं यस्य) विशेषण (qualifying पुत्रः/एषः)

Context

Rama is the only one among the sons who resembles his father in various virtues. Dasaratha obtained him after a great deal of austerities and efforts as well.

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• Daśaratha
• Lakṣmaṇa
• Guha

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is continuity of righteous kingship: Rāma embodies the virtues expected of a royal heir, reflecting the moral ideals of his father and dynasty.

What is the narrative situation?

Lakṣmaṇa underscores Rāma’s exceptional worth and the hard-won nature of his birth, heightening the tragedy of exile.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Rāma’s sadṛśa-lakṣaṇas—virtues befitting a dhārmic ruler, mirroring Daśaratha’s best qualities.