Shloka 39

पम्पा-ऋष्यमूक-मार्गोपदेशः

Guidance to Pampa and Rishyamuka; counsel to befriend Sugriva

Devanagari script

राम तस्य तु शैलस्य महती शोभते गुहा।शिलापिधाना काकुत्स्थ दुःखं चास्याः प्रवेशनम्।।3.73.39।।

Transliteration

rāma tasya tu śailasya mahatī śobhate guhā |

śilāpidhānā kākutstha duḥkhaṃ cāsyāḥ praveśanam ||3.73.39||

Translation

Ó Rāma, nessa montanha há uma grande gruta, bela de se ver; porém, ó Kakutstha, sua entrada está vedada por uma laje de pedra, e é difícil nela penetrar.

Word by Word

• राम: O Rama
• राम: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rāma (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Vocative (सम्बोधन/8), Singular (एकवचन)

• तस्य: of that
• तस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Sarvanāma, Masculine/Neuter, Genitive (षष्ठी/6), Singular (एकवचन)

• तु: but/indeed
• तु: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: tu (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya, adversative/contrast particle (विरोध/अन्वय)

• शैलस्य: of the mountain
• शैलस्य: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: śaila (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Genitive (षष्ठी/6), Singular (एकवचन)

• महती: great/huge
• महती: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: mahat (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन); viśeṣaṇa of ‘guhā’

• शोभते: shines/looks beautiful
• शोभते: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: śubh (शुभ् धातु)
• Form: Laṭ-lakāra (लट्/Present), Ātmanepada (आत्मनेपद), Prathama-puruṣa (प्रथमपुरुष), Singular (एकवचन)

• गुहा: cave
• गुहा: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: guhā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन)

• शिलापिधाना: covered/closed with a stone slab
• शिलापिधाना: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: śilā + pidhāna (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Tatpuruṣa (तत्पुरुष) ‘śilayā pidhānam’; Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन); viśeṣaṇa of ‘guhā’

• काकुत्स्थ: O Kakutstha (Rama)
• काकुत्स्थ: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: kākutstha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Vocative (सम्बोधन/8), Singular (एकवचन)

• दुःखम्: difficult/painful
• दुःखम्: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: duḥkha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन); predicate adjective of ‘praveśanam’

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya, conjunction (समुच्चय)

• अस्याः: of this/of it (of the cave)
• अस्याः: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/Genitive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: idam (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Sarvanāma, Feminine (स्त्रीलिङ्ग), Genitive (षष्ठी/6), Singular (एकवचन)

• प्रवेशनम्: entry/entering
• प्रवेशनम्: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: praveśana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Neuter (नपुंसकलिङ्ग), Nominative (प्रथमा/1), Singular (एकवचन)

Context

O son of the Kakutstha family, there is a beautiful cave in that mountain covered with a slab of stone. It is difficult to enter.

Characters & Entities

• Rama
• mountain cave

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma often requires accepting hardship on the righteous path. The ‘difficult entrance’ symbolizes that worthy alliances and right outcomes are reached through effort and endurance.

What is the narrative situation?

Kabandha points out Sugriva’s dwelling-place and describes its physical features so Rama can find it.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Perseverance (utsāha) in pursuit of a righteous goal, even when access is hard.