Shloka 3

अयोमुखी-दर्शनम् तथा कबन्ध-प्रवेशः

Ayomukhi Encounter and the ظهور of Kabandha

Devanagari script

गुल्मैर्वृक्षैश्च बहुभिर्लताभिश्च प्रवेष्टितम्।आवृतं सर्वतो दुर्गं गहनं घोरदर्शनम्।।।।

Transliteration

gulmair vṛkṣaiś ca bahubhir latābhiś ca praveṣṭitam | āvṛtaṃ sarvato durgaṃ gahanaṃ ghoradarśanam ||

Translation

Estava enredado por muitos arbustos, árvores e trepadeiras; coberto por todos os lados, de difícil entrada, denso e terrível de se ver.

Word by Word

• gulmaiḥ: by shrubs
• gulmaiḥ: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: gulma (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental (3rd/तृतीया), Plural

• vṛkṣaiḥ: by trees
• vṛkṣaiḥ: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: vṛkṣa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Plural

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction

• bahubhiḥ: many
• bahubhiḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: bahu (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural; adjective of 'gulmaiḥ/vṛkṣaiḥ'

• latābhiḥ: by creepers
• latābhiḥ: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: latā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Feminine, Instrumental, Plural

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Conjunction

• praveṣṭitam: entwined/overgrown
• praveṣṭitam: Kriyā (क्रिया; passive predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: pra-√veṣṭ (वेष्ट् धातु)
• Form: Past passive participle (क्त), Napumsaka, Nominative/Accusative, Singular; predicate of implied 'vanam/araṇyam'

• āvṛtam: covered
• āvṛtam: Kriyā (क्रिया; passive predicate)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ā-√vṛ (वृ धातु)
• Form: Past passive participle (क्त), Napumsaka, Nominative/Accusative, Singular

• sarvataḥ: on all sides
• sarvataḥ: Deśa-adhikaraṇa (देश-अधिकरण)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: sarvatas (अव्यय)
• Form: Adverb (देशवाचक)

• durgam: hard to access
• durgam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: durga (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napumsaka, Nominative/Accusative, Singular; predicate adjective

• gahanam: dense/impenetrable
• gahanam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: gahana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napumsaka, Nominative/Accusative, Singular; predicate adjective

• ghora-darśanam: terrible-looking
• ghora-darśanam: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ghora (प्रातिपदिक) + darśana (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Napumsaka, Nominative/Accusative, Singular; कर्मधारय: 'having a terrible appearance'

Context

It was a dense, impenetrable and dreadful forest covered with shrubs, trees and creepers spread all over.

Characters & Entities

• forest (vana)

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma includes endurance of hardship for a righteous cause—continuing one’s duty even through difficult, obstructive terrain.

What is the narrative situation?

The forest landscape is described as dense and dangerous, setting the stage for the trials faced during exile and the search.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Perseverance (dhṛti): moving forward despite obstacles and fearsome surroundings.