Shloka 2

सीताविलापः रावणनिन्दा च

Sita’s Lament and Condemnation of Ravana

Devanagari script

रोषरोदनताम्राक्षी भीमाक्षं राक्षसाधिपम्।रुदन्ती करुणं सीता ह्रियमाणेदमब्रवीत्।।3.53.2।।

Transliteration

roṣa-rodana-tāmrākṣī bhīmākṣaṃ rākṣasādhipam |

rudantī karuṇaṃ sītā hriyamāṇedam abravīt ||3.53.2||

Translation

Enquanto era levada, Sītā chorou com pungente compaixão; com os olhos avermelhados pela ira e pela dor, fitou o senhor dos rākṣasas de olhar terrível e proferiu estas palavras.

Word by Word

• न: not
• न: सम्बन्ध (अव्यय-सम्बन्ध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेध-निपात

• व्यपत्रपसे: are you ashamed
• व्यपत्रपसे: क्रिया (आख्यात)
• Type: Verb
• Root: वि + अप + त्रप् (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), मध्यमपुरुष (2nd person), एकवचन; आत्मनेपद; ‘are ashamed’

• नीच: O base one
• नीच: सम्बोधन (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नीच (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन; गाली/सम्बोधन

• कर्मणा: by (this) deed
• कर्मणा: करण (करणकारक)
• Type: Noun
• Root: कर्मन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन (instrumental)

• अनेन: by this
• अनेन: करण (करणकारक)
• Type: Noun
• Root: इदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (qualifying कर्मणा)

• रावण: O Rāvaṇa
• रावण: सम्बोधन (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: रावण (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन, एकवचन

• ज्ञात्वा: having known
• ज्ञात्वा: हेतु/पूर्वक्रिया (पूर्वकर्म)
• Type: Verb
• Root: ज्ञा (धातु)
• Form: क्त्वान्त अव्यय (gerund) ‘having known’

• विरहिताम्: separated (from protectors)
• विरहिताम्: कर्म (कर्मकारक)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विरहित (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; विशेषणम् (qualifying माम्)

• यत्: since/that
• यत्: सम्बन्ध (हेतौ)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सम्बन्ध-निपात (conjunctional relative) ‘since/that’ (here causal)

• माम्: me
• माम्: कर्म (कर्मकारक)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग/पुंलिङ्ग (speaker), द्वितीया, एकवचन

• चोरयित्वा: having stolen/abducted
• चोरयित्वा: हेतु/पूर्वक्रिया (पूर्वकर्म)
• Type: Verb
• Root: चुर् (धातु)
• Form: णिच्-प्रयोजक (causative) + क्त्वान्त अव्यय (gerund): चोरयित्वा = ‘having stolen/abducted’

• पलायसे: you run away
• पलायसे: क्रिया (आख्यात)
• Type: Verb
• Root: पलाय् (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), मध्यमपुरुष, एकवचन; आत्मनेपद

Context

At the time of death, mortals behave very differently. They act contrary to their own welfare. Likewise you are not able to foresee what is beneficial and good for you.

Characters & Entities

• Sītā
• Rāvaṇa

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma is framed as moral clarity under crisis: even in violation and fear, Sītā speaks with principled resolve, preparing to uphold truth and righteousness.

What is the narrative situation?

Rāvaṇa has abducted Sītā; as she is being carried away, the narration introduces her direct admonition to him.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Sītā’s steadfastness (dhairya) and moral courage—she does not collapse into silence, but confronts adharma with speech grounded in truth.