Shloka 4

पञ्चाप्सरो-सरः कथनम् तथा अगस्त्याश्रममार्गनिर्देशः

Panchapsara Lake Account and Directions to Agastya

Devanagari script

यूथबद्धांश्च पृषतान्मदोन्मत्तान् विषाणिनः।महिषांश्च वराहांश्च नागांश्च द्रुमवैरिणः।।।।

Transliteration

yūthabaddhāṃś ca pṛṣatān madonmattān viṣāṇinaḥ | mahiṣāṃś ca varāhāṃś ca nāgāṃś ca drumavairiṇaḥ ||

Translation

(Avistaram) veados movendo-se em bandos; feras de chifres, enlouquecidas pelo cio; e também búfalos, javalis e elefantes — inimigos das árvores, pois as arrancam pela raiz.

Word by Word

• यूथबद्धान्: formed in herds
• यूथबद्धान्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: यूथ + बद्ध (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (क्त), पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन; Masculine Accusative plural; (यूथे बद्धाः = bound/formed in herds)

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय

• पृषतान्: spotted deer
• पृषतान्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पृषत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन; Masculine Accusative plural

• मदोन्मत्तान्: maddened with rut
• मदोन्मत्तान्: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: मद + उन्मत्त (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन; Masculine Accusative plural; (मदेन उन्मत्त = intoxicated)

• विषाणिनः: horned
• विषाणिनः: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: विषाणिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; Masculine Nominative plural; (विषाण-मत् = horned)

• महिषान्: buffaloes
• महिषान्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: महिष (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन; Masculine Accusative plural

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय

• वराहान्: wild boars
• वराहान्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वराह (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन; Masculine Accusative plural

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय

• नागान्: elephants
• नागान्: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नाग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, बहुवचन; Masculine Accusative plural

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय

• द्रुमवैरिणः: tree-destroyers
• द्रुमवैरिणः: Visheshana (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: द्रुम + वैरिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, बहुवचन; Masculine Nominative plural; (द्रुमाणां वैरिणः = enemies of trees)

Context

(Watching) herds of deer, intoxicated horned buffaloes, wild boars and elephants who are enemies of trees (elephants uproof trees).

Characters & Entities

• deer
• elephants
• forest

FAQs

What is the core ethical principle (Dharma) in this verse?

Dharma here is alertness and restraint in a dangerous environment: recognizing the power of wilderness without needless harm reflects disciplined conduct.

What is the narrative situation?

The narration depicts the forest’s wildlife encountered/observed during movement through the wilderness.

Which character virtue is emphasized?

Composure and vigilance—qualities essential for righteous travel and protection of dependents in the forest.