Shloka 65

The Glory of Bhārata-varṣa: Enumerating Mountains, Rivers, and Regions

Devanagari script

एते चान्ये जनपदाः प्राच्योदीच्यास्तथैव च । उद्देशमात्रेण मया देशाः संकीर्तिता द्विजाः । यथागुणबलं चापि त्रिवर्गस्य महाफलम्

Transliteration

ete cānye janapadāḥ prācyodīcyāstathaiva ca | uddeśamātreṇa mayā deśāḥ saṃkīrtitā dvijāḥ | yathāguṇabalaṃ cāpi trivargasya mahāphalam

Translation

Estas e muitas outras províncias — orientais e também setentrionais — foram por mim mencionadas, ó duas-vezes-nascidos, apenas como breve indicação. E, conforme a medida das qualidades e das capacidades, há também grande fruto nos três fins da vida.

Word by Word

• एते: these
• एते: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: एतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative, 1st), बहुवचन (Plural); सर्वनाम (pronoun)

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (Conjunctive/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction: 'and')

• अन्ये: other
• अन्ये: विशेषण (Viśeṣaṇa/Qualifier of 'जनपदाः')
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अन्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative, 1st), बहुवचन (Plural)

• जनपदाः: countries/regions
• जनपदाः: कर्ता (Karta/Subject)
• Type: Noun
• Root: जनपद (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative, 1st), बहुवचन (Plural)

• प्राच्य-उदीच्याः: eastern and northern
• प्राच्य-उदीच्याः: विशेषण (Viśeṣaṇa/Qualifier of 'जनपदाः')
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्राच्य (प्रातिपदिक) + उदीच्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्वन्द्व-समास (copulative), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative, 1st), बहुवचन (Plural); अर्थ: पूर्वदेशीयाः च उत्तरदेशीयाः च

• तथा: likewise/so
• तथा: क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial modifier)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा (अव्यय)
• Form: क्रियाविशेषण-अव्यय (adverb: 'thus/so')

• एव: indeed
• एव: निपात (Particle/emphasis)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle: emphasis 'indeed/just')

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (Conjunctive/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction: 'and')

• उद्देश-मात्रेण: by mere indication/brief mention
• उद्देश-मात्रेण: करण (Karaṇa/Instrument)
• Type: Noun
• Root: उद्देश (प्रातिपदिक) + मात्र (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष-समास (determinative; 'मात्र' qualifies 'उद्देश'), नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental, 3rd), एकवचन (Singular)

• मया: by me
• मया: कर्ता (Karta/Agent in passive)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: उत्तमपुरुष-सर्वनाम (1st person pronoun), तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental, 3rd), एकवचन (Singular)

• देशाः: countries/lands
• देशाः: कर्म (Karma/Object in passive; logical object)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देश (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative, 1st), बहुवचन (Plural)

• संकीर्तिताः: have been mentioned/recited
• संकीर्तिताः: क्रिया (Verbal predicate; passive)
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम् + कीर्त् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त-प्रत्यय)
• Form: भूतकालिक-कर्मणि कृदन्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative, 1st), बहुवचन (Plural); धातु: कीर्त् (to mention/praise) उपसर्ग: सम्

• द्विजाः: O twice-born (Brahmins)
• द्विजाः: सम्बोधन (Sambodhana/Vocative address)
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्विज (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा-विभक्ति (Nominative, 1st), बहुवचन (Plural); संबोधनार्थे प्रथमा (used as vocative sense)

• यथा-गुण-बलम्: according to qualities and strength
• यथा-गुण-बलम्: क्रियाविशेषण (Adverbial modifier)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा (अव्यय) + गुण (प्रातिपदिक) + बल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: अव्ययीभाव-समास (adverbial; headed by 'यथा'), नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Nom./Acc.), एकवचन (Singular); अर्थ: 'गुणबलानुसारम्' (according to merit and strength)

• च: and
• च: समुच्चय (Conjunctive/connector)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चय-अव्यय (conjunction: 'and')

• अपि: also
• अपि: निपात (Particle)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle: 'also/even')

• त्रिवर्गस्य: of the three aims (dharma-artha-kāma)
• त्रिवर्गस्य: सम्बन्ध (Sambandha/Genitive relation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: त्रि (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक) + वर्ग (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: द्विगु-समास (numerical; 'threefold group'), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), षष्ठी-विभक्ति (Genitive, 6th), एकवचन (Singular); त्रिवर्ग = धर्म-अर्थ-काम

• महा-फलम्: great fruit/result
• महा-फलम्: कर्म/विधेय (Object/Predicate nominal; context-dependent)
• Type: Noun
• Root: महा (प्रातिपदिक) + फल (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: कर्मधारय-समास (descriptive), नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), प्रथमा/द्वितीया-विभक्ति (Nom./Acc.), एकवचन (Singular)

Speaker

Unspecified narrator (context-dependent within Svarga-khaṇḍa dialogue)

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Geographic Context

Type: city

Sandhi Resolution Notes

Sandhi Resolution Notes: च+अन्ये→चान्ये; प्राच्य+उदीच्याः→प्राच्योदीच्याः; तथा+एव→तथैव; च+अपि→चापि

FAQs

What does this verse indicate about the Padma Purana’s listing of regions (janapadas)?

It clarifies that the narrator is giving only an outline—regions are cited by brief indication rather than an exhaustive geographical catalogue.

What is meant here by “trivarga,” and what is its ‘great fruit’?

Trivarga refers to dharma (ethical order), artha (prosperity), and kāma (legitimate desire). The verse says their benefits are substantial and vary according to one’s inner qualities and capacity.

What ethical lesson is implied by “according to one’s qualities and capacity”?

Results are framed as proportional to guṇa and bala—one’s cultivated virtues, competence, and preparedness—encouraging disciplined effort and suitability rather than a one-size-fits-all approach.