Shloka 19

Sequential Description of Pilgrimage Fords and Their Merits

Tīrtha-Itinerary

Devanagari script

तीर्णस्तारयते जंतून्दशपूर्वान्दशापरान् । दृष्ट्वा माहेश्वरं पुण्यं परं सुरनमस्कृतम्

Transliteration

tīrṇastārayate jaṃtūndaśapūrvāndaśāparān | dṛṣṭvā māheśvaraṃ puṇyaṃ paraṃ suranamaskṛtam

Translation

Tendo atravessado, ele faz atravessar os seres — dez gerações anteriores e dez posteriores — ao contemplar o santíssimo Māheśvara, o supremo lugar de Śiva, reverenciado até pelos deuses.

Word by Word

• तीर्णः: having crossed; accomplished
• तीर्णः: Karta (कर्ता) — subject (implied person)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: तॄ (धातु) → तीर्ण (कृदन्त; क्त)
• Form: क्त-प्रत्ययान्त (past passive participle), पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), प्रथमा (Nominative/1st), एकवचन (Singular); कर्तरि प्रयोगे 'one who has crossed/fulfilled'

• तारयते: saves; ferries across
• तारयते: Kriyā (क्रिया) — main verb
• Type: Verb
• Root: तॄ (धातु) (णिच् causative implied: तारयति/तारयते)
• Form: लट्-लकार (Present), प्रथम-पुरुष (3rd person), एकवचन (Singular), आत्मनेपद (Ātmanepada); णिजन्त-भाव (causative sense) 'causes to cross/save'

• जन्तून्: creatures; beings
• जन्तून्: Karma (कर्म) — object
• Type: Noun
• Root: जन्तु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), द्वितीया (Accusative/2nd), बहुवचन (Plural)

• दशपूर्वान्: ten prior (ancestors)
• दशपूर्वान्: Karma (कर्म) — object qualifier
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दश+पूर्व (प्रातिपदिक; समास)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), द्वितीया (Accusative/2nd), बहुवचन (Plural); द्विगु-समास (numeral compound) 'ten previous (generations)' जन्तून् इति विशेषण

• दशापरान्: ten subsequent (descendants)
• दशापरान्: Karma (कर्म) — object qualifier
• Type: Adjective
• Root: दश+अपर (प्रातिपदिक; समास)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग (Masculine), द्वितीया (Accusative/2nd), बहुवचन (Plural); द्विगु-समास 'ten later (descendants)' जन्तून् इति विशेषण

• दृष्ट्वा: having seen
• दृष्ट्वा: Kriyā (क्रिया) — पूर्वक्रिया (prior action circumstance)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: दृश् (धातु) → दृष्ट्वा (कृदन्त; त्वा)
• Form: त्वा-प्रत्ययान्त अव्यय (absolutive/gerund) — 'having seen'

• माहेश्वरम्: Māheśvara (Śiva’s sacred form/place)
• माहेश्वरम्: Karma (कर्म) — object of दृष्ट्वा
• Type: Noun
• Root: माहेश्वर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), द्वितीया (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular); 'Māheśvara (Śiva-related sacred place/linga)'

• पुण्यम्: holy; meritorious
• पुण्यम्: Karma (कर्म) — object qualifier
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पुण्य (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), द्वितीया (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular); माहेश्वरम् इति विशेषण

• परम्: supreme
• परम्: Karma (कर्म) — object qualifier
• Type: Adjective
• Root: पर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), द्वितीया (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular); माहेश्वरम् इति विशेषण

• सुरनमस्कृतम्: worshipped by the gods
• सुरनमस्कृतम्: Karma (कर्म) — object qualifier
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सुर+नमस्कृत (प्रातिपदिक; समास)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (Neuter), द्वितीया (Accusative/2nd), एकवचन (Singular); क्त-प्रत्ययान्त 'नमस्कृत' (worshipped) + षष्ठी/तत्पुरुष 'सुरैः नमस्कृतम्' = worshipped by gods; माहेश्वरम् इति विशेषण

Speaker

Unspecified (narratorial voice within Svarga-khaṇḍa context)

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Geographic Context

Type: tirtha

Sandhi Resolution Notes

Sandhi Resolution Notes: तीर्णस्तारयते = तीर्णः + तारयते; जंतून्दशपूर्वान्दशापरान् = जन्तून् + दशपूर्वान् + दशापरान्.

Characters & Entities

• Maheśvara (Śiva)
• Suras (gods)

FAQs

What spiritual result is attributed to seeing Māheśvara in this verse?

The verse credits the darśana (sacred sight) of Māheśvara with the power to ‘carry across’ or liberate beings, extending merit to one’s lineage.

What does “ten before and ten after” mean here?

It is a traditional Purāṇic way of expressing intergenerational benefit: merit from a powerful sacred act is said to aid ancestors (prior generations) and descendants (future generations).

What ethical or devotional lesson does the verse emphasize?

It emphasizes reverence for sacred places and transformative darśana: sincere pilgrimage and devotion are portrayed as uplifting not only the individual but also their wider family line.