Shloka 21

The Vision of Rāma’s Royal Capital

and the Meeting at Nandigrāma

Devanagari script

रामोऽपि दृष्ट्वा भरतं पादचारेण संगतम् । जटावल्कलकौपीन परिधानसमन्वितम्

Transliteration

rāmo'pi dṛṣṭvā bharataṃ pādacāreṇa saṃgatam | jaṭāvalkalakaupīna paridhānasamanvitam

Translation

Rāma também, ao ver Bharata que viera a pé—com os cabelos emaranhados, trajando casca de árvore e tanga—reconheceu nele alguém que vivia como asceta.

Word by Word

• रामः: Rāma
• रामः: Karta (Subject/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: राम (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st/Nominative), एकवचन

• अपि: also
• अपि: Sambandha/Discourse particle
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अपि (अव्यय)
• Form: निपात (particle) ‘also’

• दृष्ट्वा: having seen
• दृष्ट्वा: Kriya-viseshana (Adverbial)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: दृश् (धातु) + क्त्वा (अव्ययकृदन्त)
• Form: क्त्वान्त (absolutive), ‘having seen’

• भरतम्: Bharata
• भरतम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भरत (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन

• पादचारेण: by travelling on foot
• पादचारेण: Karana (Instrument/Means)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पादचार (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd/Instrumental), एकवचन

• संगतम्: arrived/come (having come)
• संगतम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सम् + गम् (धातु) + क्त (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: भूतकृदन्त (past passive participle, क्त), पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; विशेषण (भरतम्)

• जटावल्कलकौपीनपरिधानसमन्वितम्: endowed with matted hair, bark-garment and loincloth attire
• जटावल्कलकौपीनपरिधानसमन्वितम्: Karma (Object/कर्म)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: जटा (प्रातिपदिक) + वल्कल (प्रातिपदिक) + कौपीन (प्रातिपदिक) + परिधान (प्रातिपदिक) + समन्वित (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd/Accusative), एकवचन; तत्पुरुषः ‘जटा-वल्कल-कौपीन-परिधानैः समन्वितः’ (endowed with matted hair, bark garment, loincloth, clothing)

Speaker

Narrator (Purāṇic narrative voice)

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: karuna

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Geographic Context

Type: forest

Sandhi Resolution Notes

Sandhi Resolution Notes: रामोऽपि = रामः + अपि

Characters & Entities

• Rāma
• Bharata

FAQs

Why is Bharata described as walking on foot in this verse?

It highlights Bharata’s humility and urgency, showing he approaches Rāma without royal display, as an act of devotion and self-discipline.

What is the significance of jaṭā, valkala, and kaupīna here?

These are classic markers of renunciation; the verse portrays Bharata as adopting an ascetic mode of life rather than a kingly one.

What ethical lesson is suggested by this depiction of Bharata?

The verse points to dharma expressed through self-restraint and sincerity: true leadership and virtue can include personal austerity and reverence for righteousness.