Shloka 31
Glory of Nīla Mountain and the Prelude to King Ratnagrīva’s Legend
अतिथीनवमन्यंते सूर्यतापादितापितान् । अंतरिक्षभुजो ये च ये च विश्वासघातकाः
atithīnavamanyaṃte sūryatāpāditāpitān | aṃtarikṣabhujo ye ca ye ca viśvāsaghātakāḥ
Aqueles que desrespeitam os hóspedes—especialmente os queimados e atormentados pelo calor do sol—bem como os que vivem predando os outros, e os que traem a confiança, incorrem em grave pecado.
Unspecified (contextual narrator/speaker not provided in the input excerpt)
Concept: Atithi-satkāra is non-negotiable; to scorn guests—especially those suffering from sun-heat—along with predatory living and trust-betrayal, constitutes grave adharma.
Application: Offer water, shade, and kind speech to visitors and workers; avoid exploitative livelihoods; keep promises and protect confidences.
Primary Rasa: raudra
Secondary Rasa: karuna
Visual Art Cues: {"scene_description":"A traveler, dust-covered and sun-scorched, stands at a doorway with parched lips; inside, a householder turns away with a dismissive gesture. Above them, the blazing sun is rendered as a moral witness, while in the sky predatory birds circle—symbolizing ‘antarikṣa-bhuja’—and a broken handshake motif in the corner signifies betrayal of trust.","primary_figures":["a heat-stricken guest (atithi)","a dismissive householder","predatory birds as allegory","a symbolic broken-handshake emblem"],"setting":"Village threshold with earthen courtyard, water pot (ghaṭa) near the door, and a shaded veranda that is withheld.","lighting_mood":"golden dawn","color_palette":["sunfire orange","dust ochre","cool shade blue","earthen brown","white-hot glare"],"tanjore_prompt":"Tanjore painting style: dramatic threshold scene—guest with folded hands under a blazing sun, householder turning away; gold leaf on the sun disc and ornaments, rich reds/greens in the doorway textiles; stylized birds in the upper register; embossed borders emphasizing moral gravity.","pahari_prompt":"Pahari miniature style: poignant realism—traveler’s fatigue delicately painted, shimmering heat haze, cool shaded veranda; expressive faces with restrained emotion; birds rendered with fine strokes; a subtle symbolic motif of broken trust in the margin, lyrical landscape.","kerala_mural_prompt":"Kerala mural style: bold outlines and iconic gestures—guest in añjali, householder in refusal; oversized sun as witness; birds in stylized arcs; red/yellow/green palette with strong black contours, didactic mural composition.","pichwai_prompt":"Pichwai cloth painting style: border of lotuses and peacocks framing an atithi-sevā moral scene; deep blue sky with gold sun; doorway decorated like a shrine to suggest the guest’s sanctity; intricate floral patterns and narrative vignettes of giving water and shade."}
Audio Atmosphere: {"recitation_mood":"dramatic","suggested_raga":"Bhairavi","pace":"fast-dramatic","voice_tone":"authoritative","sound_elements":["hot wind hush","distant crows","water pot clink","single sharp bell strike","silence after ‘viśvāsa-ghātakāḥ’"]}
Sandhi Resolution Notes: अतिथीनवमन्यंते → atithīn avamanyante; सूर्यतापादितापितान् → sūrya-tāpa-ādi-tāpitān; अंतरिक्षभुजो → aṃtarikṣa-bhujaḥ.
FAQs
It stresses atithi-sevā (honouring and caring for guests), especially travellers suffering from heat and hardship, and condemns neglect or disrespect toward them.
They are those who break trust—people who betray confidence, loyalty, or promises—treated as serious wrongdoers in dharma literature.
It is a figurative label for beings who ‘feed in the sky,’ commonly understood as predatory types (e.g., birds of prey) and, more broadly, those who live by opportunistic predation; the verse groups them among condemned harmful behaviors.