Shloka 90

The Procedure for Offering Piṇḍa (Funerary Rice-balls) — Gayā-māhātmya

Devanagari script

नमः शिवाय देवाय ईशानपुरुषाय च । अघोर वामदेवाय सद्योजाताय शंभव ॥ ९० ॥

Transliteration

namaḥ śivāya devāya īśānapuruṣāya ca | aghora vāmadevāya sadyojātāya śaṃbhava || 90 ||

Translation

Saudações a Śiva, o Senhor divino; e também a Īśāna, o Puruṣa supremo. Saudações a Aghora, a Vāmadeva e a Sadyojāta—ó Śambhu, fonte de auspiciosidade.

Word by Word

• नमः: salutation
• नमः: Sambodhana/Salutation (सम्बोधनार्थ)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नमस् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st), एकवचन; विसर्गान्त; नमस्कारार्थ-प्रयोग (salutatory)

• शिवाय: to Śiva
• शिवाय: Sampradana (सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शिव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी, एकवचन; सम्प्रदान (to/for)

• देवाय: to the god
• देवाय: Sampradana (सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी, एकवचन; समानाधिकरण (apposition to शिवाय)

• ईशानपुरुषाय: to Īśāna-Puruṣa
• ईशानपुरुषाय: Sampradana (सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: ईशान-पुरुष (प्रातिपदिक; समास)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी, एकवचन; सम्प्रदान; ‘Īśāna who is the Puruṣa’

• च: and
• च: Connector (समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयबोधक-अव्यय (conjunction)

• अघोर: O Aghora
• अघोर: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: अघोर (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा, एकवचन; सम्बोधनार्थ-प्रयोग (vocative sense; mantra-name)

• वामदेवाय: to Vāmadeva
• वामदेवाय: Sampradana (सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: वामदेव (प्रातिपदिक; समास)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी, एकवचन; सम्प्रदान

• सद्योजाताय: to Sadyojāta
• सद्योजाताय: Sampradana (सम्प्रदान)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सद्योजात (प्रातिपदिक; समास)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, चतुर्थी, एकवचन; सम्प्रदान; ‘one who is just-born/ever newly manifest’ (epithet)

• शंभव: O Śambhu
• शंभव: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: शंभु (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, सम्बोधन (8th/सम्बोधन), एकवचन; vocative

Speaker

Suta (narrator) presenting a devotional invocation within the Uttara-Bhaga context

Vrata Kalpa

Vrata: none

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: bhakti

Secondary Rasa: adbhuta

Characters & Entities

• Shiva
• Ishana
• Aghora
• Vamadeva
• Sadyojata
• Shambhu

FAQs

What is the spiritual significance of this verse in Narada Purana?

It salutes Śiva through key pañcabrahma designations (Īśāna, Aghora, Vāmadeva, Sadyojāta), presenting Śiva as the all-comprehensive Lord whose aspects govern protection, grace, manifestation, and auspiciousness—supporting focused bhakti through sacred names.

How does this verse explain the path of devotion (Bhakti)?

Bhakti is expressed as nāma-vandana—reverent surrender through naming and praising the Lord’s aspects. The verse models how devotion becomes concentrated and complete by honoring multiple divine forms while keeping a single deity-focus (Śiva/Śambhu).

What practical Vedic knowledge (Vedanga) is highlighted here?

It reflects mantra-prayoga (ritual application of sacred names) and correct śabda-prayoga (disciplined usage of divine epithets), aligning with Śikṣā (proper recitation) and Vyākaraṇa (precise form of words) as practical supports for stotra and japa.