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Shloka 12

दमयन्तीवाक्य-प्रेषणम्

Damayantī’s Message and the Dispatch of Brahmin Envoys

आयुष्मन्‌ कस्य वा नारी यामेवमनुशोचसि । तमुवाच नलो राजा मन्दप्रज्ञस्य कस्यचित्‌,'आयुष्मन्‌! वह किसकी पत्नी है, जिसके लिये तुम इस प्रकार निरन्तर शोकमग्न रहते हो।' तब राजा नलने उससे कहा--'किसी अल्पबुद्धि पुरुषके एक स्त्री थी, जो उसके अत्यन्त आदरकी पात्र थी। किंतु उस पुरुषकी बात अत्यन्त दृढ़ नहीं थी। वह अपनी प्रतिज्ञास फिसल गया। किसी विशेष प्रयोजनसे विवश होकर वह भाग्यहीन पुरुष अपनी पत्नीसे बिछुड़ गया

Bṛhadaśva uvāca: Āyuṣman kasya vā nārī yām evam anuśocasi? Tam uvāca Nalo rājā: Mandaprajñasya kasyacit.

Bṛhadaśva perguntou: “Ó longevo, de quem é esposa ela, por quem te lamentas tão continuamente?” O rei Nala respondeu: “Ela era a esposa de certo homem de pouco discernimento—amada por ele e digna do seu mais profundo respeito. Contudo, sua resolução não se manteve firme; ele escorregou do seu voto. Impelido por uma necessidade particular, aquele infeliz separou-se de sua esposa.”

आयुष्मन्O long-lived one / sir
आयुष्मन्:
TypeNoun
Rootआयुष्मत्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
कस्यof whom
कस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
नारीwoman
नारी:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनारी
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
याwho/which
या:
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
एवम्thus, in this manner
एवम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम्
अनुशोचसिyou grieve for / lament
अनुशोचसि:
TypeVerb
Rootशुच्
FormLat, Present, Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
तत्him
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormLit, Perfect, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
नलःNala
नलः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
राजाking
राजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
मन्दप्रज्ञस्यof a dull-witted (person)
मन्दप्रज्ञस्य:
TypeAdjective
Rootमन्दप्रज्ञ
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
कस्यचित्of someone, of a certain (one)
कस्यचित्:
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular

बृहृदश्च उवाच

B
Bṛhadaśva
N
Nala
A
a certain dull-witted man (self-referential by Nala)
T
the wife (implicitly Damayantī)

Educational Q&A

The passage highlights ethical self-accountability: when resolve fails and vows are broken, suffering follows—often harming those most deserving of honor. It frames grief not as fate alone but as a consequence of weakened discernment and wavering commitment.

Bṛhadaśva asks the grieving person (Nala, in disguise/indirect speech) whose wife he mourns. Nala answers obliquely, describing “a certain dull-witted man” who, compelled by circumstances, lost firmness and became separated from his beloved wife—implicitly narrating his own story.