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Shloka 23

कर्कोटक-उपदेशः

Karkoṭaka’s Counsel and Nala’s Concealment

हा नाथ मामिह वने ग्रस्यमानामनाथवत्‌ | ग्राहेणानेन विजने किमर्थ नानुधावसि,(वह विलाप करती हुई कहने लगी--) “हा नाथ! इस निर्जन वनमें यह अजगर सर्प मुझे अनाथकी भाँति निगल रहा है। आप मेरी रक्षाके लिये दौड़कर आते क्‍यों नहीं हैं?

hā nātha mām iha vane grasyamānām anāthavat | grāheṇānena vijane kimarthaṁ nānudhāvasi ||

«Ai de mim, meu senhor! Aqui, nesta floresta, estou sendo engolida como quem não tem amparo. Neste ermo solitário, presa por este predador, por que não corres em meu socorro?»

हाalas! (vocative exclamation)
हा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहा
नाथO lord/protector
नाथ:
TypeNoun
Rootनाथ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
माम्me
माम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootअहम्
FormAccusative, Singular
इहhere
इह:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह
वनेin the forest
वने:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootवन
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
ग्रस्यमानाम्being swallowed
ग्रस्यमानाम्:
TypeVerb
Rootग्रस्
Formशानच् (present passive participle), Feminine, Accusative, Singular
अनाथवत्like one without a protector
अनाथवत्:
TypeAdjective
Rootअनाथ
Formindeclinable -वत् suffix (like/as)
ग्राहेणby the serpent/grasper
ग्राहेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootग्राह
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
अनेनby this
अनेन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
विजनेin a lonely/deserted (place)
विजने:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootविजन
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
किमर्थम्for what reason? why?
किमर्थम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकिम् + अर्थ
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अनुधावसिyou run after / come running (to help)
अनुधावसि:
TypeVerb
Rootअनु + धाव्
FormLat (present), Parasmaipada, Second, Singular

ब॒हृदश्चव उवाच

B
Bṛhadaśva (speaker)
N
nātha (the addressed protector/husband/guardian, unnamed in this line)
V
vana (forest)
G
grāha/ajagara (predatory seizer; python/serpent)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the dharmic expectation of protection: one who is a ‘nātha’ (protector) is morally bound to respond swiftly to the helpless. It also underscores the human impulse to seek refuge and assistance in moments of peril.

A woman, in panic, cries out to her protector that in the lonely forest a great serpent/predator is swallowing her, and she reproaches him for not rushing to save her.