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Shloka 20

विदुर-धृतराष्ट्रसंवादः

Vidura–Dhṛtarāṣṭra Dialogue on Rajadharma and Restitution

यस्याविभक्तं वसु राजन्‌ सहायै- स्तस्य दुःखे5प्यंशभाज: सहाया: । सहायानामेष संग्रहणे<ध्युपाय: सहायाप्तौ पृथिवीप्राप्तिमाहु:,राजन! जिसका धन सहायकोंके लिये बाँटा नहीं है; अर्थात्‌ जिसके धनको सहायक भी अपना ही समझकर भोगते हैं, उसके दुःखमें भी वे सब लोग हिस्सा बँटाते हैं। सहायकोंके संग्रहका यही उपाय है। सहायकोंकी प्राप्ति हो जानेपर पृथ्वीकी ही प्राप्ति हो गयी, ऐसा कहा जाता है

yasyāvibhaktaṃ vasu rājan sahāyaiḥ tasya duḥkhe 'py aṃśabhājaḥ sahāyāḥ | sahāyānām eṣa saṃgrahaṇe 'dhyupāyaḥ sahāyāptau pṛthivīprāptim āhuḥ ||

“Ó rei, aquele cuja riqueza não é mantida separada de seus companheiros—de modo que seus aliados a considerem como sua para usar—descobre que esses mesmos aliados partilham até mesmo de sua dor. Este é o método de reunir e assegurar apoiadores: quando os apoiadores são conquistados, diz-se que a própria terra foi conquistada.”

यस्यof whom/whose
यस्य:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
अविभक्तम्undivided, not apportioned
अविभक्तम्:
Visheshana
TypeAdjective
Rootअविभक्त
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
वसुwealth
वसु:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवसु
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
राजन्O king
राजन्:
Sambodhana
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
सहायैःby/with helpers
सहायैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootसहाय
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
तस्यof him
तस्य:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
दुःखेin misfortune/sorrow
दुःखे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootदुःख
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
अपिeven, also
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
अंशभाजःsharers, partakers
अंशभाजः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअंशभाज्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
सहायाःhelpers, allies
सहायाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसहाय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
सहायानाम्of helpers
सहायानाम्:
Sambandha
TypeNoun
Rootसहाय
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
एषःthis
एषः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
संग्रहणेin collecting/retaining (them)
संग्रहणे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसंग्रहण
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
अधिwith regard to, in the matter of
अधि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअधि
उपायःmeans, method
उपायः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootउपाय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सहायाप्तौupon obtaining helpers
सहायाप्तौ:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसहायाप्ति
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
पृथिवीप्राप्तिम्attainment of the earth/kingdom
पृथिवीप्राप्तिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपृथिवीप्राप्ति
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
आहुःthey say
आहुः:
TypeVerb
Rootअह्
FormPerfect (Paroksha-bhuta), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
राजन्O king
राजन्:
Sambodhana
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

विदुर उवाच

V
Vidura
K
King (rājan)
S
sahāya (allies/supporters)
P
pṛthivī (the earth/kingdom)

Educational Q&A

A ruler secures loyal allies by sharing prosperity with them; those who partake in one’s wealth will also stand with one in adversity. Winning dependable supporters is portrayed as tantamount to winning the kingdom itself.

Vidura addresses a king with counsel in political-ethical terms, explaining a practical principle of alliance-building: integrate supporters into one’s prosperity so that their loyalty extends into times of crisis.