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Shloka 52

Vyāsa’s Counsel to Yudhiṣṭhira: Pratismṛti-vidyā, Arjuna’s Aśtra-Quest, and the Move to Kāmyaka

प्रत्युवाच महेन्द्रस्तं प्रीतात्मा प्रहसन्निव । इह प्राप्तस्य कि कार्यमस्त्रैस्तव धनंजय,तब महेन्द्रने प्रसन्नचित्त हो हँसते हुए-से कहा--“धनंजय! जब तुम यहाँतक आ पहुँचे, तब तुम्हें अस्त्रोंको लेकर क्या करना है? अब इच्छानुसार उत्तम लोक माँग लो; क्योंकि तुम्हें उत्तम गति प्राप्त हुई है।। यह सुनकर धनंजयने पुनः देवराजसे कहा--देवेश्वर! मैं अपने भाइयोंको वनमें छोड़कर (शत्रुओंसे) वैरका बदला लिये बिना लोभ अथवा कामनाके वशीभूत हो न तो देवत्व चाहता हूँ, न सुख और न सम्पूर्ण देवताओंका एऐश्वर्य प्राप्त कर लेनेकी ही मेरी इच्छा है। यदि मैंने वैसा किया तो सदाके लिये सम्पूर्ण लोकोंमें मुझे महान्‌ अपयश प्राप्त होगा”

vaiśampāyana uvāca | pratyuvāca mahendras taṃ prītātmā prahasan iva | iha prāptasya kiṃ kāryam astrais tava dhanaṃjaya |

Disse Vaiśampāyana: Indra, com o coração satisfeito, respondeu-lhe como que sorrindo: “Dhanañjaya, agora que chegaste até aqui, para que te servem as armas? Pede antes, como desejares, um mundo excelente, pois alcançaste o curso mais elevado.” Ao ouvir isso, Dhanañjaya tornou a falar ao senhor dos deuses: “Ó soberano divino, tendo deixado meus irmãos na floresta, não desejo divindade, nem prazer, nem mesmo a soberania sobre todos os deuses, se isso significar ceder à cobiça ou ao desejo sem antes vingar a inimizade de nossos inimigos. Se eu agisse assim, incorreria em grande e duradoura desonra em todos os mundos.”

प्रत्युवाचreplied
प्रत्युवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootप्रति+वच्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, singular, Parasmaipada
महेन्द्रःMahendra (Indra)
महेन्द्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमहेन्द्र
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
तम्him
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
प्रीतात्माwith delighted heart
प्रीतात्मा:
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रीतात्मन्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
प्रहसन्smiling/laughing
प्रहसन्:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र+हस्
Formशतृ (present active participle), masculine, nominative, singular
इवas if
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
इहhere
इह:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह
प्राप्तस्यof (you) who have arrived
प्राप्तस्य:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र+आप्
Formक्त (past passive participle used adjectivally), masculine, genitive, singular
किम्what
किम्:
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
Formneuter, nominative, singular
कार्यम्need/purpose
कार्यम्:
TypeNoun
Rootकार्य
Formneuter, nominative, singular
अस्त्रैःwith weapons
अस्त्रैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootअस्त्र
Formneuter, instrumental, plural
तवfor you/of you
तव:
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Formgenitive, singular
धनंजयO Dhanañjaya (Arjuna)
धनंजय:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootधनंजय
Formmasculine, vocative, singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
M
Mahendra (Indra)
D
Dhanaṃjaya (Arjuna)
D
Deveśvara (epithet of Indra)
A
Arjuna's brothers (Pāṇḍavas, implied)
F
Forest (vana)

Educational Q&A

The passage contrasts heavenly reward with dharmic obligation: a kṣatriya should not abandon duty for pleasure, power, or even divine status. True excellence lies in steadfastness, resisting greed and desire, and protecting honor by fulfilling rightful responsibilities.

Indra, pleased, tells Arjuna that having reached the divine realm he need not seek weapons and may instead ask for a higher world. Arjuna responds that he cannot accept such rewards while his brothers remain in forest-exile and their enemies remain unpunished; choosing comfort now would bring lasting disgrace.