Shloka 16
Bhīmasena’s Admonition to Yudhiṣṭhira on Rājya and the Ordering of Dharma–Artha–Kāma
Book 3, Chapter 34
तदैव चेद् वीर कर्माकरिष्यो यदा द्ूते परिघं पर्यमृक्ष: । बाहू दिधक्षन् वारित: फाल्गुनेन किं दुष्कृतं भीम तदाभविष्यत्,वीर भीमसेन! द्यूतके समय जब तुमने मेरी दोनों बाँहोंको जला देनेकी इच्छा प्रकट की और अर्जुनने तुम्हें रोका, उस समय तुम शत्रुओंपर आघात करनेके लिये अपनी गदापर हाथ फेरने लगे थे। यदि उसी समय तुमने शत्रुओंपर आघात कर दिया होता तो कितना अनर्थ हो जाता। तुम अपना पुरुषार्थ तो जानते ही थे। जब मैं पूर्वोक्त प्रकारकी प्रतिज्ञा करने लगा उससे पहले ही तुमने ऐसी बात क्यों नहीं कही? जब प्रतिज्ञाके अनुसार वनवासका समय स्वीकार कर लिया, तब पीछे चलकर इस समय क्यों मुझसे अत्यन्त कठोर बातें कहते हो?
tadaiva ced vīra karmākariṣyo yadā dūte parighaṃ paryamṛkṣaḥ | bāhū didhakṣan vāritaḥ phālgunena kiṃ duṣkṛtaṃ bhīma tadābhaviṣyat vīra bhīmasena ||
Yudhiṣṭhira disse: “Se, ó herói, tivesses agido naquele exato momento—quando, no salão dos dados, esfregavas tua maça de ferro, pronto para golpear, e quando, desejando queimar meus braços, foste contido por Arjuna—que calamidade não teria então irrompido, ó Bhīma, ó valente Bhīmasena? Tu conhecias tua própria força. Por que não falaste assim antes de eu fazer aquele voto? Depois de aceitarmos o tempo de exílio conforme o juramento, por que agora, mais tarde, me diriges palavras tão duras?”
युधिछिर उवाच
Educational Q&A
The verse highlights the ethical weight of vows and the necessity of restraint: impulsive violence in the dice-hall would have produced immediate catastrophe, yet once a pledge (to accept exile) is undertaken, one must not undermine it later with harsh recrimination. Dharma here is shown as foresight in action and steadiness after commitment.
Yudhiṣṭhira addresses Bhīma, recalling the dice-hall crisis when Bhīma, enraged, readied his club and even spoke of burning Yudhiṣṭhira’s arms, but Arjuna restrained him. Yudhiṣṭhira argues that acting then would have caused great disaster; and he questions why Bhīma did not object before Yudhiṣṭhira accepted the exile vow, instead of speaking harshly afterward.