Shloka 4
Dharma-śaṅkā-nivāraṇa: Yudhiṣṭhira’s Response on Karma-Phala and Trust in Dharma
Devanagari script
यावद्गोस्तनपानाच्च यावच्छायोपसेवनात् | जन्तव: कर्मणा वृत्तिमाप्रुवन्ति युधिष्ठिर,महाराज युधिष्ठिर! गौओंके बछड़े भी माताका दूध पीते और छायामें जाकर विश्राम करते हैं। इस प्रकार सभी जीव कर्म करके ही जीवन-निर्वाह करते हैं
Transliteration
yāvad gostanapānāc ca yāvac chāyopasevanāt | jantavaḥ karmaṇā vṛttim āpruvanti yudhiṣṭhira ||
Translation
Yudhiṣṭhira disse: “Desde o momento em que o bezerro bebe o leite de sua mãe até quando busca repouso à sombra, os seres vivos sustentam seu viver por meio da atividade. Neste mundo, a vida é mantida pelo esforço e pelo trabalho; ninguém pode permanecer sem ação.”
Word by Word
यावत्as long as / until
यावत्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयावत्
Formcorrelative adverb (yāvat…tāvat construction implied)
गोःof the cow
गोः:
TypeNoun
Rootगो
Formfeminine, genitive, singular
स्तनपानात्from suckling (drinking at the teat)
स्तनपानात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootस्तनपान
Formneuter, ablative, singular
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
Formconjunction
यावत्as long as / until
यावत्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयावत्
Formcorrelative adverb
छायोपसेवनात्from resorting to shade (resting in shade)
छायोपसेवनात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootछायोपसेवन
Formneuter, ablative, singular
जन्तवःcreatures / living beings
जन्तवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootजन्तु
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
कर्मणाby action / through work
कर्मणा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन्
Formneuter, instrumental, singular
वृत्तिम्livelihood / sustenance
वृत्तिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवृत्ति
Formfeminine, accusative, singular
आप्नुवन्तिobtain / attain
आप्नुवन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootआप्
Formpresent tense (laṭ), parasmaipada, 3rd person, plural
युधिष्ठिरO Yudhiṣṭhira
युधिष्ठिर:
TypeNoun
Rootयुधिष्ठिर
Formmasculine, vocative, singular (proper noun)
Speaker
युधिछिर उवाच
Characters & Entities
Y
YudhiṣṭhiraC
cow (go)C
calf (implied by nursing)S
shade (chāyā)Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Sandhi Notes