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Shloka 15

Rāma’s Abhiṣeka Plan, Kaikeyī’s Boon, and the Initiation of the Exile

Mārkaṇḍeya’s Account

प्रादात्‌ स तापसायान्न क्षुधितायातिथित्रती । उन्मत्ताय परां श्रद्धामास्थाय स धृतव्रत:,मुद्गलने उनसे कहा--“महर्षे!! आपका स्वागत है, ऐसा कहकर उन्होंने पाद्य, उत्तम अर्घ्य तथा आचमनीय आदि पूजनकी सामग्री भेंट की। तत्पश्चात्‌ उन व्रतधारी अतिथिसेवी महर्षि मुद्गलने बड़ी श्रद्धाके साथ उन्मत्त-वेशधारी भूखे तपस्वी दुर्वासाको भोजन अर्पित किया। वह अन्न बड़ा स्वादिष्ट था। वे उन्मत्त मुनि भूखे तो थे ही, परोसी हुई सारी रसोई खा गये। तब महर्षि मुद्गलने उन्हें और भोजन दिया

prādāt sa tapasāyānnaṃ kṣudhītāyātithitrati | unmattāya parāṃ śraddhām āsthāya sa dhṛtavrataḥ ||

Disse Vyāsa: Firme em seu voto, o sábio —sempre dedicado a honrar o hóspede— ofereceu alimento ao asceta faminto. Com fé suprema, serviu aquele que parecia enlouquecido, tratando-o não com suspeita, mas com reverência. A cena ressalta um princípio central do dharma: hospitalidade e compaixão inabaláveis, mesmo quando o comportamento exterior do visitante é inquietante ou socialmente perturbador.

प्रादात्gave
प्रादात्:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-दा (दा)
Formलुङ् (Aorist), 3, singular, परस्मैपद
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
तपसायto the ascetic
तपसाय:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootतपस्
Formneuter, dative, singular
अन्नम्food
अन्नम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअन्न
Formneuter, accusative, singular
क्षुधितायto the hungry one
क्षुधिताय:
Sampradana
TypeAdjective
Rootक्षुधित
Formmasculine, dative, singular
अतिथिव्रतीone vowed to serving guests
अतिथिव्रती:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअतिथिव्रतिन्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
उन्मत्तायto the mad-looking one
उन्मत्ताय:
Sampradana
TypeAdjective
Rootउन्मत्त
Formmasculine, dative, singular
पराम्supreme, great
पराम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootपरा
Formfeminine, accusative, singular
श्रद्धाम्faith, reverence
श्रद्धाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootश्रद्धा
Formfeminine, accusative, singular
आस्थायhaving adopted/maintained
आस्थाय:
TypeVerb
Rootआ-स्था
Formक्त्वान्त (absolutive/gerund), parasmaipada (usage)
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
धृतव्रतःone of firm vow
धृतव्रतः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootधृतव्रत
Formmasculine, nominative, singular

व्यास उवाच

V
Vyāsa
M
Mudgala (implied by context as the host sage)
D
Durvāsā (implied by context as the guest ascetic)
F
food (anna)
G
guest-hospitality (atithi-dharma)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights atithi-dharma: one should honor and feed a guest—especially a hungry ascetic—with steadfast faith and self-discipline, without judging by outward appearance (even if the guest seems ‘unmattā’).

A vow-observant host-sage serves food to a hungry ascetic who appears mad. The host’s reverent hospitality sets the moral tone for the episode in which the guest tests the host’s patience and righteousness.