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Shloka 5

Skanda-janma: Śivā/Svāhā, Agni, and the Manifestation of Guha

Mahābhārata 3.214

स जन्तु: सर्वभूतात्मा पुरुष: स सनातन: । महान्‌ बुद्धिरहड्कारो भूतानां विषयश्न सः,वह प्राण ही जीव है, वही समस्त प्राणियोंका आत्मा है, वही सनातन पुरुष है, महत्तत्त्व, बुद्धि और अहंकार तथा पाँचों भूतोंके कार्यरूप इन्द्रियाँ और उनके विषय सब कुछ वही है (क्योंकि इस शरीरमें सबकी स्थिति उसीके आश्रित है और भविष्यमें मिलनेवाले शरीरमें जाना-आना भी इसीके आश्रित रहकर होता है। इसलिये यह प्राणकी स्तुति की गयी है):

sa jantuḥ sarvabhūtātmā puruṣaḥ sa sanātanaḥ | mahān buddhir ahaṅkāro bhūtānāṁ viṣayaś ca saḥ ||

O caçador disse: “Esse princípio vivente é o Si-mesmo de todos os seres; é a Pessoa eterna. É também o Grande Princípio (mahat), o intelecto e o sentido de ‘eu’ (ego). É ainda os sentidos que operam por meio dos elementos e de seus objetos—de fato, tudo aqui depende dele. Por isso este princípio vital é louvado, pois a continuidade do corpo e a passagem do ser para uma futura encarnação repousam nele.”

सःhe/that (one)
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
जन्तुःliving being
जन्तुः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootजन्तु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सर्वभूतात्माthe self of all beings
सर्वभूतात्मा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसर्व-भूत-आत्मन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पुरुषःPerson (Purusha)
पुरुषः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपुरुष
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सःhe/that (one)
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सनातनःeternal
सनातनः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसनातन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
महान्the Great principle (Mahat)
महान्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमहत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
बुद्धिःintellect
बुद्धिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootबुद्धि
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
अहङ्कारःego-sense
अहङ्कारः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअहङ्कार
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भूतानाम्of the elements/beings
भूतानाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootभूत
FormNeuter, Genitive, Plural
विषयज्ञःknower of objects (of sense)
विषयज्ञः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootविषय-ज्ञ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सःhe/that (one)
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

व्याध उवाच

V
vyādha (the hunter, speaker)
P
puruṣa (the Person)
P
prāṇa (vital principle, implied by the passage and commentary)
M
mahat
B
buddhi
A
ahaṅkāra
B
bhūtas (five elements, implied)
I
indriyas (senses, implied)

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches an integrative view of the living principle: the same reality underlies life (prāṇa/jīva), the universal Self, and the inner faculties (mahat, buddhi, ahaṅkāra) along with sense-activity and its objects. Recognizing this unity supports ethical clarity and detachment, since all embodied functioning depends on that one sustaining principle.

In the Vyādha’s instruction on dharma, he explains to his listener that what appears as individual life is rooted in a single sustaining principle. He frames this as a reason for praising prāṇa/life-force, because bodily existence and the transition to future embodiment depend upon it.