Shloka 30
Āraṇyaka-parva, Adhyāya 1 — The Pandavas’ Exit from Gajasāhvaya and the Citizens’ Lament (जनमेजयप्रश्नः; पाण्डवानां वनप्रस्थानम्)
Devanagari script
बुद्धिश्च हीयते पुंसां नीचै: सह समागमात् | मध्यमैर्मध्यतां याति श्रेष्ठतां याति चोत्तमै:,“नीच पुरुषोंका साथ करनेसे मनुष्योंकी बुद्धि नष्ट होती है। मध्यम श्रेणीके मनुष्योंका साथ करनेसे मध्यम होती है और उत्तम पुरुषोंका संग करनेसे उत्तरोत्तर श्रेष्ठ होती है
Translation
“Pelo convívio com os vis, a inteligência dos homens se perde. Com os medianos, torna-se mediano; e com os excelentes, eleva-se à excelência.”
Word by Word
बुद्धिःintellect
बुद्धिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootबुद्धि
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
हीयतेdiminishes / is destroyed
हीयते:
TypeVerb
Rootहा (हायते/हीयते)
FormPresent, Atmanepada (Passive/mediopassive sense), Third, Singular
पुंसाम्of men
पुंसाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootपुंस् (पुमान्)
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
नीचैःwith low (persons)
नीचैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootनीच
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
सहtogether with
सह:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसह
समागमात्from association/meeting
समागमात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootसमागम
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
मध्यमैःwith middling (persons)
मध्यमैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootमध्यम
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
मध्यताम्middleness / a middle state
मध्यताम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootमध्यता
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
यातिgoes/attains
याति:
TypeVerb
Rootया
FormPresent, Parasmaipada, Third, Singular
श्रेष्ठताम्excellence / superiority
श्रेष्ठताम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootश्रेष्ठता
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
यातिgoes/attains
याति:
TypeVerb
Rootया
FormPresent, Parasmaipada, Third, Singular
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
उत्तमैःwith the best (persons)
उत्तमैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootउत्तम
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
Speaker
वैशम्पायन उवाच
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Cross References
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes