Shloka 37

Kṛṣṇa at Duryodhana’s House: Refusal of Hospitality and Departure to Vidura (कृष्णस्य धार्तराष्ट्रनिवेशनगमनम्)

Devanagari script

सदैव सहदेवस्य भ्रातरो मधुसूदन । वृत्तं कल्याणवृत्तस्य पूजयन्ति महात्मन:

Transliteration

sadaiva sahadevasya bhrātaro madhusūdana | vṛttaṃ kalyāṇavṛttasya pūjayanti mahātmanaḥ ||

Translation

Vaiśaṃpāyana disse: “Ó Madhusūdana, os irmãos de Sahadeva honram e reverenciam continuamente a conduta daquele grande de alma, cuja maneira de viver é auspiciosa e exemplar.”

Word by Word

• सदैव: always
• सदैव: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सदा + एव
• Form: Avyaya

• सहदेवस्य: of Sahadeva
• सहदेवस्य: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: सहदेव
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• भ्रातरः: brothers
• भ्रातरः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: भ्रातृ
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• मधुसूदन: O Madhusūdana (Krishna)
• मधुसूदन: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: मधुसूदन
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• वृत्तम्: conduct/behavior
• वृत्तम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: वृत्त
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• कल्याणवृत्तस्य: of the one of auspicious conduct
• कल्याणवृत्तस्य: Adhikarana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: कल्याणवृत्त
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• पूजयन्ति: they honor/praise
• पूजयन्ति: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: पूज्
• Form: Present, Parasmaipada, 3rd person, Plural

• महात्मनः: of the great-souled one
• महात्मनः: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: महात्मन्
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśaṃpāyana
• Sahadeva
• Śrī Kṛṣṇa (Madhusūdana)
• the brothers (Pāṇḍavas collectively)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights that noble character (kalyāṇa-vṛtta) is worthy of continual honor. Ethical excellence is presented as a living practice—conduct that naturally earns respect within a righteous community.

What is happening in the narrative?

Vaiśaṃpāyana reports to the listener that Sahadeva’s brothers consistently revere him for his exemplary conduct, addressing Kṛṣṇa by the epithet Madhusūdana in the course of describing Sahadeva’s esteem among the Pāṇḍavas.