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Shloka 60

Sanatsujāta–Dhṛtarāṣṭra Saṃvāda: Pramāda as Mṛtyu

Chapter 42

मौनान्न स मुनिर्भवति नारण्यवसनान्मुनि: । स्वलक्षणं तु यो वेद स मुनि: श्रेष्ठ उच्यते,मौन रहने अथवा जंगलमें निवास करनेमात्रसे कोई मुनि नहीं होता। जो अपने आत्माके स्वरूपको जानता है, वही श्रेष्ठ मुनि कहलाता है

maunān na sa munir bhavati nāraṇyavasanān muniḥ | svalakṣaṇaṃ tu yo veda sa muniḥ śreṣṭha ucyate ||

Sanatsujāta disse: Ninguém se torna um sábio (muni) apenas por guardar silêncio, nem apenas por vestir-se como um eremita da floresta. Aquele que conhece de fato a natureza definidora do Si —a essência real do próprio ser— é chamado o mais elevado dos sábios. O ensinamento desloca a santidade da austeridade exterior para o conhecimento interior e a realização de si.

मौनात्from silence
मौनात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootमौन
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
मुनिःsage
मुनिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमुनि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भवतिbecomes/is
भवति:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada, Indicative
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
आरण्यवसनात्from wearing forest-garb / from living in the forest
आरण्यवसनात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootआरण्यवसन
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
मुनिःsage
मुनिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमुनि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
स्वलक्षणम्one’s own characteristic/nature (true mark)
स्वलक्षणम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootस्वलक्षण
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वेदknows
वेद:
TypeVerb
Rootविद्
FormPerfect, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada, Indicative
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
मुनिःsage
मुनिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमुनि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
श्रेष्ठःbest, excellent
श्रेष्ठः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootश्रेष्ठ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, Superlative
उच्यतेis called
उच्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Atmanepada, Passive, Indicative

सनत्युजात उवाच

S
Sanatsujāta

Educational Q&A

True sagehood is not established by external signs like silence or ascetic dress; it is established by inner realization—knowing the Self’s essential nature (svalakṣaṇa).

In the Udyoga Parva dialogue, Sanatsujāta instructs (in a didactic, philosophical mode) that spiritual authority and excellence come from inner knowledge rather than outward austerities, correcting common misconceptions about what makes a muni.