Shloka 39
उद्योगपर्व — विदुरनीतिः (Adhyāya 37): आयुःक्षयहेतवः, नीतिसूत्राणि, बलभेदाः, पाण्डव-विग्रहदोषदर्शनम्
असंविभागी दुष्टात्मा कृतघ्नो निरपत्रप: । तादृड्नराधिपो लोके वर्जनीयो नराधिप
asaṁvibhāgī duṣṭātmā kṛtaghno nirapatrapaḥ | tādṛṅ narādhipo loke varjanīyo narādhipa ||
Vidura declara que o governante que não distribui a riqueza com justiça entre os que dele dependem—perverso de coração, ingrato pelos serviços recebidos e sem pudor na conduta—deve ser repudiado pelo povo neste mundo. Tal rei, embora chamado “senhor dos homens”, perde o direito moral de ser seguido.
विदुर उवाच
Educational Q&A
A king’s legitimacy rests on dharma: fair distribution to dependents, gratitude toward helpers, and moral shame. When these are absent, society is justified in rejecting such a ruler.
In Vidura’s counsel during the Udyoga Parva, he lays down ethical standards for rulership, warning that a corrupt, ungrateful, and shameless king who fails to share resources properly should be abandoned.