Shloka 46
Ārjava, Satya, and the Virocana–Sudhanvan Exemplum
Udyoga-parva 35
पुनर्नरो प्रियते जायते च पुनर्नरो हीयते वर्धते च । पुनर्नरो याचति याच्यते च पुनर्नर: शोचति शोच्यते च,मनुष्य बार-बार मरता और जन्म लेता है, बार-बार क्षय और वृद्धिको प्राप्त होता है, बार-बार स्वयं दूसरेसे याचना करता है और दूसरे उससे याचना करते हैं तथा बारंबार वह दूसरोंके लिये शोक करता है और दूसरे उसके लिये शोक करते हैं
punar naro prīyate jāyate ca punar naro hīyate vardhate ca | punar naro yācati yācyate ca punar naraḥ śocati śocyate ca ||
Vidura reflete sobre o giro da condição humana: repetidas vezes o homem morre e nasce; repetidas vezes declina e cresce. Repetidas vezes pede, e repetidas vezes lhe pedem. Repetidas vezes lamenta por outros, e repetidas vezes outros lamentam por ele. O verso impõe uma percepção ética sóbria—como os estados do mundo alternam sem cessar, não se deve apegar a ganhos e perdas transitórios, mas buscar firmeza, autocontenção e dharma.
विदुर उवाच
Educational Q&A
Human life moves in recurring cycles—birth and death, gain and loss, asking and being asked, grieving and being grieved for. Recognizing this impermanence supports vairagya (detachment), patience, and commitment to dharma rather than obsession with temporary outcomes.
In Udyoga Parva, Vidura offers counsel grounded in moral realism. Here he generalizes from worldly experience to remind his listener that fortunes reverse repeatedly; therefore one should act wisely and ethically, not driven by pride, fear, or attachment.