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Shloka 49

अध्याय २९ — वासुदेव–संजय संवादः

Karma, Varṇa-Dharma, and the Ethics of Governance

न विद्यते युक्तिरेतस्य काचि- न्नैवंविधा: स्याम यथा प्रियं ते । ददस्व वा शक्रपुरी ममैव युध्यस्व वा भारतमुख्य वीर,संजय! दुर्योधनको तुम मेरी यह बात पुनः सुना देना--“ तुम्हारे शरीरके भीतर मनमें जो यह अभिलाषा उत्पन्न हुई है कि मैं कौरवोंका निष्कण्टक राज्य करूँ, वह तुम्हारे हृदयको पीड़ा-मात्र दे रही है। उसकी सिद्धिका कोई उपाय नहीं है। हम ऐसे पौरुषहीन नहीं हैं कि तुम्हारा यह प्रिय कार्य होने दें। भरतवंशके प्रमुख वीर! तुम इन्द्रप्रस्थपुरी फिर मुझे ही लौटा दो अथवा युद्ध करो”

na vidyate yuktir etasya kācin naivaṃvidhāḥ syāma yathā priyaṃ te | dadasva vā śakrapurī mamaiva yudhyasva vā bhāratamukhya vīra ||

Yudhiṣṭhira disse: “Não há estratégia pela qual esse teu desejo possa ser realizado. Não somos homens tão fracos a ponto de permitir que aquilo que te é caro se cumpra às nossas custas. Portanto, ó herói maior entre os Bhāratas, ou devolve-me a própria Śakrapurī (Indraprastha), ou então combate.”

not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
विद्यतेexists / is found
विद्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootविद्
FormPresent, 3, Singular, Atmanepada
युक्तिःmeans, device, plan
युक्तिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयुक्ति
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
एतस्यof this
एतस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
काचित्any (at all)
काचित्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootकाचित्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवंविधाःsuch as this, of this kind
एवंविधाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootएवंविध
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
स्यामwe would be
स्याम:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormOptative (Potential), 1, Plural, Parasmaipada
यथाso that / as
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
प्रियम्what is dear; pleasure
प्रियम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रिय
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
तेto you / for you
ते:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormMasculine/Feminine, Dative, Singular
ददस्वgive
ददस्व:
TypeVerb
Rootदा
FormImperative, 2, Singular, Parasmaipada
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
शक्रपुरीम्Indra's city (Indraprastha)
शक्रपुरीम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशक्रपुरी
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
ममof me / my
मम:
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormMasculine/Feminine, Genitive, Singular
एवindeed, only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
युध्यस्वfight
युध्यस्व:
TypeVerb
Rootयुध्
FormImperative, 2, Singular, Atmanepada
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
भारतमुख्यO foremost of the Bharatas
भारतमुख्य:
TypeNoun (vocative epithet)
Rootभारतमुख्य
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
वीरO hero
वीर:
TypeNoun
Rootवीर
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
संजयO Sanjaya
संजय:
TypeNoun (proper name)
Rootसंजय
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

युधिछिर उवाच

Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
D
Duryodhana
S
Sañjaya
Ś
Śakra (Indra)
Ś
Śakrapurī / Indraprastha

Educational Q&A

The verse frames a dharmic boundary in political conflict: peace is possible only through restitution of rightful sovereignty; when injustice is entrenched as a ‘desire’ for unchecked rule, there is no ethical ‘means’ to satisfy it, and a kṣatriya must be prepared to defend justice even by war.

Yudhiṣṭhira, speaking through the envoy Sañjaya to Duryodhana, rejects Duryodhana’s ambition for unopposed Kaurava rule and issues a clear ultimatum: return Indraprastha to the Pāṇḍavas, or face battle.