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Shloka 19

Udyoga-parva Adhyāya 126 — Kṛṣṇa’s Indictment of Misrule and the Varuṇa Analogy (कृष्णवाक्यं–धर्मपाशदृष्टान्तः)

“उत्तम कुलमें उत्पन्न होकर क्षत्रियधर्मके अनुसार जीवननिर्वाह करनेवाला कौन ऐसा महापुरुष होगा, जो क्षत्रियोचित वृत्तिपर दृष्टि रखते हुए भी इस प्रकार भयके कारण कभी शत्रुके सामने मस्तक झुकायेगा? ।। उद्यच्छेदेव न नमेदुद्यमो होव पौरुषम्‌ । अप्यपर्वणि भज्येत न नमेदिह कहिचित्‌,“वीर पुरुषको चाहिये कि वह सदा उद्योग ही करे, किसीके सामने नतमस्तक न हो; क्योंकि उद्योग करना ही पुरुषका कर्तव्य-पुरुषार्थ है। वीर पुरुष असमयमें ही नष्ट भले ही हो जाय, परंतु कभी शत्रुके सामने सिर न झुकावे

vaiśampāyana uvāca | uttama-kule utpannaḥ kṣatriya-dharmānusāreṇa jīvana-nirvāhaṃ kurvan kaḥ sa mahāpuruṣaḥ syāt, yaḥ kṣatriyocita-vṛttiṃ paśyann api evaṃ bhayāt kadācit śatroḥ samakṣaṃ mastakaṃ namayet? | udyacchedeva na named udyamo hi vai pauruṣam | apy aparvaṇi bhajyeta na named iha karhi cit ||

Vaiśampāyana disse: “Quem, nascido numa linhagem excelente e vivendo segundo o dharma do kṣatriya, seria tão grande homem a ponto de, mesmo mantendo os olhos na conduta própria de um guerreiro, baixar a cabeça diante do inimigo por medo? O herói deve sempre empenhar-se e jamais se submeter; pois o esforço em si é o valor viril. Ainda que seja quebrado antes do tempo, não deve, aqui, em momento algum, curvar-se.”

उद्यच्छेदेin (the act of) striving/effort
उद्यच्छेदे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootउद्यच्छेद (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
एवindeed/only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
नमेत्should bow
नमेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootनम् (धातु)
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
उद्यमःeffort/enterprise
उद्यमः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootउद्यम (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
indeed/for emphasis
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
वैindeed/verily
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
पौरुषम्manliness/valor (true manly conduct)
पौरुषम्:
TypeNoun
Rootपौरुष (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
अपिeven/although
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
अपूर्वणिat an improper time/untimely
अपूर्वणि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअपूर्वणि (प्रातिपदिक; नपुंसकलिङ्ग)
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
भज्येतmight be broken/destroyed
भज्येत:
TypeVerb
Rootभञ्ज् (धातु)
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada, Passive sense (कर्मणि प्रयोग)
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
नमेत्should bow
नमेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootनम् (धातु)
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
इहhere/in this world
इह:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह
कर्हिचित्ever/at any time
कर्हिचित्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकर्हिचित्

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
K
kṣatriya
E
enemy (śatru)

Educational Q&A

A Kṣatriya’s honor rests on fearless resolve: one should keep striving (udyama) and never bow to an enemy out of fear; even premature destruction is preferable to humiliating submission.

In Vaiśampāyana’s narration, a warrior-ethic is being asserted: the ideal noble Kṣatriya maintains dignity and effort in the face of hostility, rejecting fear-driven capitulation before an adversary.