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Shloka 33

Vāmadeva’s Rājadharma: Norm-Setting, Counsel, and the Prevention of Rāṣṭra-Vināśa (वामदेव-प्रोक्तं राजधर्मम्)

जो प्रधान मन्त्रियोंका त्याग करके निम्नश्रेणीके मनुष्योंको अपना प्रिय बनाता है, वह संकटके घोर समुद्रमें पड़कर पीड़ित हो कहीं आश्रय नहीं पाता है ।। य: कल्याणगुणान्‌ ज्ञातीन्‌ प्रद्वेषान्नो बुभूषति । अदृढात्मा दृढक्रोध: स मृत्योर्वसते5न्तिके,जो द्वेषवश कल्याणकारी गुणोंवाले अपने सजातीय बन्धुओं एवं कुट॒म्बीजनोंका सम्मान नहीं करता, जिसका चित्त चंचल है तथा जो क्रोधको दृढ़ता-पूर्वक पकड़े रहनेवाला है, वह सदा मृत्युके समीप निवास करता है

yo pradhāna-mantriṇāṃ tyāgaṃ kṛtvā nīmaśreṇī-manuṣyān ātmanaḥ priyān karoti, sa saṅkaṭasya ghore samudre patitvā pīḍitaḥ kvacid āśrayaṃ na vindati. yaḥ kalyāṇa-guṇān jñātīn pradveṣān na bubhūṣati, adṛḍhātmā dṛḍha-krodhaḥ sa mṛtyor vasaty antike.

Vāmadeva ensina que o governante que abandona seus ministros principais e, em vez disso, toma por íntimos pessoas baixas e incapazes, cai num terrível oceano de calamidades; aflito ali, não encontra refúgio em parte alguma. Do mesmo modo, aquele que, por ódio, se recusa a honrar seus próprios parentes dotados de virtudes salutares—de mente inconstante e firmemente apegado à ira—vive perpetuamente perto da morte, pois tal conduta destrói os próprios sustentáculos que preservam a vida, a ordem e o dharma.

यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कल्याणगुणान्good qualities
कल्याणगुणान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकल्याणगुण
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
ज्ञातीन्kinsmen
ज्ञातीन्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootज्ञाति
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
प्रद्वेषात्from hatred / out of malice
प्रद्वेषात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootप्रद्वेष
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
बुभूषतिwishes to be / desires (to act as)
बुभूषति:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormPresent, Lat, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
अदृढात्माone of unsteady mind
अदृढात्मा:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअदृढात्मन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
दृढक्रोधःone with firm/obstinate anger
दृढक्रोधः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootदृढक्रोध
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
मृत्योःof death
मृत्योः:
TypeNoun
Rootमृत्यु
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
वसतेdwells
वसते:
TypeVerb
Rootवस्
FormPresent, Lat, Third, Singular, Atmanepada
अन्तिकेnear / in proximity
अन्तिके:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअन्तिक
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular

वामदेव उवाच

V
Vāmadeva
C
chief ministers (pradhāna-mantriṇaḥ)
K
kinsmen/relatives (jñātayaḥ)

Educational Q&A

A leader must rely on worthy counsel and uphold respect for virtuous kin; abandoning competent ministers for unfit favorites and nurturing hatred and anger destroys one’s supports and brings ruin—symbolized as living close to death.

In Śānti Parva’s rājadharma instruction, Vāmadeva delivers a warning about statecraft and personal conduct: poor choice of associates and hostility toward one’s own virtuous relatives lead to isolation in crisis and continual peril.