Shloka 19

Devanagari script

सम्बन्धिपुरुषैराप्तैरभिजातै: स्वदेशजै: । अहार्यरव्यभीचारै: सर्वश: सुपरीक्षितै:

Transliteration

sambandhipuruṣair āptair abhijātaiḥ svadeśajaiḥ | ahāryair avyabhicāraiḥ sarvaśaḥ suparīkṣitaiḥ ||

Translation

Disse Bhīṣma: Deve-se confiar em homens ligados por parentesco, dignos de confiança e íntimos, de boa origem e conduta, e naturais do próprio país—homens que não possam ser comprados por suborno nem desviados, firmes na lealdade e plenamente provados em todos os aspectos.

Word by Word

सम्बन्धि-पुरुषैःby related persons

आप्तैःby trusted (persons)

अभिजातैःby well-born (persons)

स्वदेशजैःby natives of one’s own country

अहार्य-रव्यभीचारैःby those whose conduct is not to be carried away (i.e., not swayed/unchangeable in behavior)

सर्वशःin every way; altogether

सुपरीक्षितैःby well-tested / thoroughly examined (persons)

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

Bhishma

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

War Context

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Geographic Context

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Bhīṣma teaches that positions of confidence and counsel should be given only to people whose loyalty and integrity are proven: those bound by stable ties, unbribable, unwavering, and thoroughly tested, so that dharma and the kingdom are not endangered by betrayal.

What is happening in the narrative?

In the Śānti Parva’s instruction on righteous governance, Bhīṣma is advising Yudhiṣṭhira on how to choose dependable associates—emphasizing tested character, local rootedness, and resistance to corruption or disloyalty.