Shloka 20
आपद्धर्मे वैश्यवृत्तिः, विक्रय-निषेधाः, तथा ब्रह्म-क्षत्र-सम्बन्धः
Emergency Livelihood, Prohibited Trade, and Brahman–Kshatra Regulation
Devanagari script
भीष्म उवाच तपसा ब्रह्मचर्येण शस्त्रेण च बलेन च | अमायया मायया च नियन्तव्यं तदा भवेत्
Translation
Bhīṣma disse: “Ó rei, então o brāhmaṇa deve empenhar-se em refrear o kṣatriya: pela austeridade e pelo brahmacarya, por armas e força, pela retidão sem engano ou, se necessário, por estratagema e política—como for possível.”
Word by Word
भीष्मःBhishma
भीष्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभीष्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, Third, Singular
तपसाby austerity
तपसा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootतपस्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
ब्रह्मचर्येणby celibacy / student-discipline
ब्रह्मचर्येण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्मचर्य
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
शस्त्रेणby weapon
शस्त्रेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootशस्त्र
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
बलेनby strength
बलेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootबल
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
अमाययाby straightforwardness / without deceit
अमायया:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootअमाया
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
माययाby stratagem / deception
मायया:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootमाया
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
नियन्तव्यम्is to be restrained / should be controlled
नियन्तव्यम्:
TypeVerb
Rootनि-यम्
Formतव्यत्, Neuter, Nominative, Singular
तदाthen / at that time
तदा:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
भवेत्would be / should be
भवेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormOptative, Third, Singular
Speaker
भीष्म उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes