Shloka 8
राजधर्मः—प्रजापालनं दानयज्ञश्च
Royal Duty—Protection of Subjects, Generosity, and Sacrificial Discipline
यद् राष्ट्रेडकुशलं किज्चिद् राज्ञो5रक्षयत: प्रजा: । चतुर्थ तस्य पापस्य राजा भारत विन्दति,भरतनन्दन! यदि राजा प्रजाकी रक्षा नहीं करता तो उसके राज्यमें प्रजा जो कुछ भी अशुभ कार्य करती है, उस पापकर्मका एक चौथाई भाग राजाको भोगना पड़ता है
yad rāṣṭre 'kuśalaṁ kiñcid rājño 'rakṣayataḥ prajāḥ | caturthaṁ tasya pāpasya rājā bhārata vindati, bharatanandana ||
Disse Bhīṣma: Ó Bhārata, alegria dos Bharatas! Se, dentro de um reino, o povo comete algum ato nocivo ou injusto enquanto o rei falha em proteger e governar devidamente, então o rei incorre na quarta parte desse pecado.
भीष्म उवाच
Educational Q&A
A ruler’s dharma is protective governance; if the king neglects protection and oversight, he becomes morally accountable and incurs a share (one fourth) of the wrongdoing committed by his subjects within the realm.
In the Śānti Parva dialogue, Bhīṣma instructs Yudhiṣṭhira on rājadharma (the duties of kings). Here he emphasizes that failure to safeguard and regulate society is not neutral negligence but a culpable lapse that transfers part of the subjects’ sin to the king.