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Shloka 4

राजवृत्त-रक्षा-प्रणिधि-षाड्गुण्योपदेशः

Royal Conduct, Protection, Intelligence, and Policy Measures

सर्व वैनयिकं कृत्वा विनयज्ञो बृहस्पतिम्‌ । दक्षिणानन्तरो भूत्वा प्रणम्य विधिपूर्वकम्‌

Bhīṣma uvāca: sarva-vainayikaṃ kṛtvā vinaya-jño bṛhaspatim | dakṣiṇānantaro bhūtvā praṇamya vidhi-pūrvakam ||

Bhishma disse: “O rei, versado nas artes da cortesia e da humildade, cumpriu todos os atos de recepção respeitosa para com Bṛhaspati. Colocando-se à sua direita e, após completar as formas prescritas de honra, inclinou-se segundo a ordem ritual e prostrou a cabeça a seus pés. Voltado ao bem-estar de todos e desejando a felicidade de seus súditos, o rei então se dirigiu ao justo Bṛhaspati para perguntar sobre o método correto de governar o reino.”

सर्वम्all, entire
सर्वम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
वैनयिकम्pertaining to courtesy/discipline (vinaya)
वैनयिकम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootवैनयिक
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
कृत्वाhaving done
कृत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral)
विनयज्ञःone skilled in courtesy (vinaya-knower)
विनयज्ञः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootविनयज्ञ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
बृहस्पतिम्Bṛhaspati
बृहस्पतिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootबृहस्पति
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
दक्षिणानन्तरःstanding to the right/at the right side (as attendant)
दक्षिणानन्तरः:
TypeAdjective
Rootदक्षिणानन्तर
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भूत्वाhaving become
भूत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral)
प्रणम्यhaving bowed
प्रणम्य:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-नम्
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral)
विधिपूर्वकम्according to proper procedure
विधिपूर्वकम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootविधिपूर्वक
Formtrue

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
B
Bṛhaspati
T
the king (rājā)

Educational Q&A

Right governance begins with vinaya—humble, rule-guided respect toward wise teachers. The verse frames political inquiry (how to rule) as ethically grounded: a king seeking public welfare must first embody discipline, courtesy, and proper conduct before receiving instruction on rājadharma.

A king receives Bṛhaspati with full ceremonial respect—standing appropriately, completing the customary honors, and bowing according to prescribed rules—then, wishing for his subjects’ happiness, prepares to question Bṛhaspati about the correct principles and methods of ruling.