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Shloka 50

राजधर्मप्रश्नः — Yudhiṣṭhira’s Inquiry into Rājadharma (Śānti-parva 56)

प्रेष्प्माणा विकल्पन्ते गुह्मां चाप्पनुयुञ्जते । अयाच्य॑ चैव याचन्ते भोज्यान्याहारयन्ति च

preṣyamāṇā vikalpante guhyaṃ cāpy anuyuñjate | ayācyaṃ caiva yācante bhojyāny āhārayanti ca ||

Bhīṣma disse: “Quando tais homens são enviados para cumprir uma tarefa, lançam dúvida sobre o seu êxito ao levantar hesitações desnecessárias. Também bisbilhotam o que deveria permanecer secreto e expõem as faltas ocultas do rei. Pedem o que não deveria ser pedido e até consomem a comida reservada ao monarca.”

प्रेष्यमाणाःbeing sent (as messengers/agents)
प्रेष्यमाणाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रेष्य (प्र-इष्/इष् धातु से निष्पन्न; ‘भेजे जाने योग्य/भेजे गए’)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
विकल्पन्तेthey doubt / they raise doubts / they waver
विकल्पन्ते:
TypeVerb
Rootविकॢप् (वि-कल्प्)
FormPresent, 3rd, Plural, Ātmanepada
गुह्यांa secret (matter)
गुह्यां:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगुह्य (गुह् धातु से; ‘गोप्य/रहस्य’)
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अपिalso / even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
अनुयुञ्जतेthey bring up / they press / they question (about)
अनुयुञ्जते:
TypeVerb
Rootअनु-युज्
FormPresent, 3rd, Plural, Ātmanepada
अयाच्यंwhat should not be asked for
अयाच्यं:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअयाच्य (याच् धातु; ‘न याचनीय’)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed / just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
याचन्तेthey ask / beg
याचन्ते:
TypeVerb
Rootयाच्
FormPresent, 3rd, Plural, Ātmanepada
भोज्यानिfoods / eatables
भोज्यानि:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootभोज्य (भुज् धातु; ‘खाने योग्य/भोज्य’)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Plural
आहारयन्तिthey consume / they take for themselves
आहारयन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootआ-हृ (causative: आहारयति)
FormPresent, 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
T
the king (rājā, implied)
C
confidential matters (guhya)
R
royal food/provisions (bhojya)

Educational Q&A

Bhishma warns that untrustworthy attendants undermine governance: they create doubt in missions, violate confidentiality, make improper demands, and misuse royal resources—traits a king should recognize and avoid.

In Bhishma’s instruction on righteous rule and administration, he describes the recognizable behaviors of corrupt or unsuitable servants/agents, illustrating how they harm a ruler’s effectiveness and dignity.