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Shloka 8

Prāyaścitta and Contextual Non-Culpability (प्रायश्चित्त-निमित्त-अदोषवाद)

यदि ब्रह्महत्या करनेवाला पुरुष कृच्छुव्रतके अनुसार भोजन करे तो छ: वर्षोमें वह शुद्ध हो जाता है और एक-एक मासमें एक-एक कृच्छुव्रतका निर्वाह करते हुए भोजन करे तो वह तीन ही वर्षो्में पापमुक्त हो जाता है ।। संवत्सरेण मासाशी पूयते नात्र संशय: । तथैवोपवसन्‌ राजन्‌ स्वल्पेनापि प्रपूयते,यदि एक-एक मासपर भोजनक्रम बदलते हुए अत्यन्त तीव्र कृच्छुव्रतके अनुसार अन्न ग्रहण करे तो एक वर्षमें ही ब्रह्महत्यासे छुटकारा मिल सकता हैः इसमें संशय नहीं है। राजन! इसी प्रकार यदि केवल उपवास करनेवाला मनुष्य हो तो उसकी स्वल्प समयमें ही शुद्धि हो जाती है

saṃvatsareṇa māsāśī pūyate nātra saṃśayaḥ | tathaivopavasan rājan svalpenāpi prapūyate ||

Vyāsa disse: “Ao tomar alimento apenas uma vez por mês, um homem purifica-se no prazo de um ano—disso não há dúvida. Do mesmo modo, ó Rei, aquele que pratica o jejum purifica-se mesmo em pouco tempo.” A passagem enfatiza austeridades graduadas—especialmente restrições alimentares severas e o jejum—como expiações que limpam uma culpa grave, apresentando a autodisciplina como meio dhármico de restauração moral.

संवत्सरेणwithin/by a year
संवत्सरेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootसंवत्सर
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
मासाशीone who eats monthly (once a month)
मासाशी:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootमासाशी
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पूयतेis purified
पूयते:
TypeVerb
Rootपू (पूयते)
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Atmanepada, Passive/Reflexive (intransitive sense)
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अत्रhere/in this matter
अत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअत्र
संशयःdoubt
संशयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसंशय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तथाthus/likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
उपवसन्fasting (one who fasts)
उपवसन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootउपवस्
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
स्वल्पेनby a little (time/effort)
स्वल्पेन:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootस्वल्प
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
अपिeven/also
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
प्रपूयतेis completely purified
प्रपूयते:
TypeVerb
Rootपू (प्र+पूयते)
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Atmanepada, Passive/Reflexive (intransitive sense)

व्यास उवाच

V
Vyāsa
K
King (rājan)

Educational Q&A

Severe self-restraint—especially regulated eating and fasting—functions as prāyaścitta (expiation): it purifies even grave wrongdoing, and the stricter the discipline, the quicker the purification.

Vyāsa instructs a king on expiatory disciplines, stating that eating only once per month purifies within a year, and that fasting can purify in even less time, underscoring the efficacy of tapas within dharma.