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Shloka 3

Prāyaścitta and Contextual Non-Culpability (प्रायश्चित्त-निमित्त-अदोषवाद)

अनसूयुरध:शायी कर्म लोके प्रकाशयन्‌ | पूर्णद्धादिशभिर्वर्षेब्रद्म॒हा विप्रमुच्यते,यदि किसीने ब्रह्महत्या की हो तो वह भिक्षा मागकर एक समय भोजन करे, अपना सब काम स्वयं ही करे, हाथमें खप्पर और खाटका पाया लिये रहे, सदा ब्रह्मचर्यव्रतका पालन करे, उद्यमशील बना रहे, किसीके दोष न देखे, जमीन पर सोये और लोकमें अपना पापकर्म प्रकट करता रहे। इस प्रकार बारह वर्षतक करनेसे ब्रह्महत्यारा पापमुक्त हो जाता है

an asūyur adhaḥśāyī karma loke prakāśayan | pūrṇadvādaśabhir varṣair brahmahā vipramucyate ||

Vyāsa disse: “O matador de um brāhmaṇa é libertado do pecado quando, por doze anos completos, vive sem malícia, dorme no chão e reconhece abertamente seu ato diante do mundo. Deve pedir esmolas e comer apenas uma vez ao dia, realizar todas as tarefas por si mesmo, levar uma tigela de crânio e o bastão khaṭvāṅga, manter o voto de celibato, permanecer diligente e abster-se de procurar faltas nos outros. Por tal penitência contínua e autocontrole, a mancha da brahmahatyā é removida.”

अनसूयुःnon-censorious, not finding fault
अनसूयुः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअनसूयु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अधःशायीsleeping on the ground
अधःशायी:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअधःशायिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
कर्मdeed, act
कर्म:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकर्मन्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
लोकेin the world, publicly
लोके:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootलोक
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
प्रकाशयन्making known, declaring
प्रकाशयन्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootप्रकाशय् (प्र + काश्, caus.)
FormPresent (Shatru participle), Singular, Masculine, Nominative
पूर्णद्वादशभिःwith a full twelve
पूर्णद्वादशभिः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootपूर्ण-द्वादश
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural
वर्षैःby/with years
वर्षैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootवर्ष
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural
ब्रह्महाslayer of a Brahmin (brahma-killer)
ब्रह्महा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootब्रह्महन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
विप्रमुच्यतेis completely released (from sin)
विप्रमुच्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootविप्रमुच् (वि + प्र + मुच्)
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Passive (Ātmanepada form)

व्यास उवाच

V
Vyāsa
B
brahmahā (slayer of a brāhmaṇa)
B
brahmahatyā (sin of killing a brāhmaṇa)
B
bhikṣā (alms)
K
kapāla (skull-bowl)
D
daṇḍa/khaṭvāṅga (staff)

Educational Q&A

Grave wrongdoing requires sustained, visible, and disciplined atonement: humility (begging), restraint (celibacy, simple living), self-reliance, non-maliciousness, and public acknowledgment over a long period are presented as the means by which the sinner is purified.

Vyāsa states a rule of prāyaścitta: he describes the ascetic regimen and duration (twelve years) by which a person guilty of brahmahatyā is said to become freed from the sin.