Shloka 13
Prāyaścitta and Contextual Non-Culpability (प्रायश्चित्त-निमित्त-अदोषवाद)
जो दूध देनेवाली पचीस हजार कपिला गौओंका दान करता है, वह समस्त पापोंसे छुटकारा पा जाता है ।। गोसहसतरं सवत्सानां दोग्ध्रीणां प्राणसंशये । साधुभ्यो वै दरिद्रेभ्यो दत्त्वा मुच्येत किल्बिषात्,जब मृत्युकाल निकट हो, उस समय सदाचारी दरिद्र ब्राह्मणोंको दूध देनेवाली एक हजार सवत्सा गौओंका दान करके भी मनुष्य सब पापोंसे मुक्त हो सकता है
vyāsa uvāca | yo dugdha-denīḥ pañca-viṃśati-sahasraṃ kapilā gāvo dānaṃ karoti sa sarva-pāpebhyaḥ pramucyate || go-sahasraṃ sa-vatsānāṃ dogdhrīṇāṃ prāṇa-saṃśaye | sādhubhyo vai daridrebhyo dattvā mucyeta kilbiṣāt || yadā mṛtyu-kālaḥ sannihitaḥ syāt tadā sadācāri-daridra-brāhmaṇebhyo dugdha-denīḥ eka-sahasraṃ sa-vatsā gāvo dattvāpi manuṣyaḥ sarva-pāpebhyaḥ mucyate ||
Vyāsa disse: Aquele que dá em caridade vinte e cinco mil vacas kapilā—vacas leiteiras de cor fulva—fica livre de todos os pecados. E, quando a vida está em risco e a morte se aproxima, também pode ser absolvido de suas faltas ao oferecer mil vacas leiteiras com seus bezerros aos virtuosos e necessitados, especialmente aos brāhmaṇas pobres de boa conduta.
व्यास उवाच
Educational Q&A
Generous giving—especially of life-sustaining gifts like milk-giving cows to worthy and needy recipients—functions as a strong form of moral purification (prāyaścitta), capable of relieving one from accumulated wrongdoing, even at the approach of death.
Vyāsa states a dharma-teaching within Śānti Parva: he describes the merit and expiatory power of go-dāna, specifying large-scale gifts (25,000 kapilā cows) and, in a death-near situation, the gift of 1,000 cows with calves to virtuous poor people, particularly poor brāhmaṇas.