Shloka 112

Devanagari script

इत्येवं विंशकश्नैव गुणा: सप्त च ये स्मृता: । विधि: शुक्र बल॑ चेति त्रय एते गुणा: परे

Transliteration

ity evaṁ viṁśakaś caiva guṇāḥ sapta ca ye smṛtāḥ | vidhiḥ śukra-balaṁ ceti traya ete guṇāḥ pare ||

Translation

Disse Bhīṣma: “Assim, foram enunciadas as vinte qualidades e as sete que a tradição conserva na memória. Para além delas há três princípios mais elevados — a ordenança (vidhi), a potência geradora (śukra) e a força (bala).”

Word by Word

इतिthus

एवम्in this manner

विंशकाःtwenties; a set of twenty

नand (enclitic/particle); also (often used as connective)

एवindeed; just

गुणाःqualities; attributes

सप्तseven

चand

येwhich; those who/that

स्मृताःare remembered; are said/traditionally stated

विधिःrule; ordinance; method

शुक्रःŚukra; (also) semen/brightness (context-dependent)

बलम्strength; power

चand

इतिthus (quotative)

त्रयःthree

एतेthese

गुणाःqualities; attributes

परेhigher; superior; further

Speaker

भीष्य उवाच

Characters & Entities

Bhīṣma

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

War Context

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Geographic Context

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Bhīṣma summarizes a prior enumeration of qualities (a group of twenty and another of seven) and then points to three ‘higher’ determinants—vidhi (normative ordinance or prescribed rule), śukra (generative essence/potency), and bala (strength)—as especially significant in the framework he is explaining.

What is happening in the narrative?

In the didactic discourse of Śānti Parva, Bhīṣma is concluding or transitioning from a detailed list of qualities already taught, and he adds a further classification by naming three superior principles that stand beyond the earlier enumerations.