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Shloka 27

Utkramaṇa-sthāna and Ariṣṭa-lakṣaṇa: Yājñavalkya’s Instruction on Departure Pathways and Mortality Signs

एवमप्यनुमानेन हालिड्रमुपल भ्यते । पजञ्चविंशतिमस्तात लिड्लेषु नियतात्मक:

evam apy anumānena hālīdram upalabhyate | pañcaviṁśatim astāt liṅgeṣu niyatātmakaḥ ||

Vasiṣṭha disse: “Ainda assim, por inferência chega-se a apreender o Si mesmo puro e consciente, distinto de todas as ‘marcas’ (liṅgas). Assim como o sol, por iluminar o que é visto, é compreendido como outro que os objetos visíveis, do mesmo modo o Si mesmo—cuja própria natureza é conhecimento—permanece separado de tudo o que é cognoscível, porque o revela. Meu querido, esse Si mesmo é o vigésimo quinto princípio, que permeia todas as condições encarnadas de modo fixo e constante.”

एवम्thus, in this manner
एवम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम्
अपिalso, even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
अनुमानेनby inference
अनुमानेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootअनुमान
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
हालिड्रम्turmeric (yellow pigment)
हालिड्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootहालिड्र
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
उपलभ्यतेis obtained / is apprehended
उपलभ्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootउप-लभ्
FormPresent (Lat), Passive, Third, Singular
पञ्चविंशतिम्the twenty-fifth (principle)
पञ्चविंशतिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपञ्चविंशति
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
अस्तात्may be / should be
अस्तात्:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), Parasmaipada, Third, Singular
लिङ्गेषुin the marks/bodies (liṅgas)
लिङ्गेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootलिङ्ग
FormNeuter, Locative, Plural
नियतात्मकःhaving a fixed/constant nature
नियतात्मकः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootनियत-आत्मन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

वसिष्ठ उवाच

V
Vasiṣṭha
Ā
ātman (Self)
S
sūrya (sun) (implied by the Hindi gloss)
H
hālīdra (turmeric)

Educational Q&A

The Self (ātman/puruṣa) is not an object among objects; it is the illuminator of all knowables. Therefore it is known not by direct sensory grasp but by inference—recognizing that whatever is revealed requires a revealer. This Self is identified as the twenty-fifth principle (puruṣa) that pervades all embodied states.

Vasiṣṭha is instructing a listener (addressed affectionately as ‘dear one’) in discriminative knowledge: distinguishing consciousness from the ‘liṅgas’—the marks or constituents associated with embodiment. He uses an inference-based analogy (and, in the accompanying gloss, the sun’s illumination) to argue that the knower is distinct from the known.