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Shloka 55

Saṃhāra-krama (The Sequence of Cosmic Dissolution) — Yājñavalkya’s Discourse

विपन्ना धारणास्तात नयन्ति न शुभां गतिम्‌ । नेतृहीना यथा नाव: पुरुषानर्णवे नूप

vipannā dhāraṇās tāta nayanti na śubhāṃ gatim | netṛhīnā yathā nāvaḥ puruṣān arṇave nṛpa ||

Bhīṣma disse: “Ó querido, as disciplinas de dhāraṇā (concentração) fracassadas ou imperfeitas não conduzem a um fim auspicioso. Assim como um barco sem timoneiro não pode levar as pessoas através do oceano, do mesmo modo, quando as práticas de dhāraṇā não estão devidamente estabelecidas, não podem conduzir ao bom caminho nem a uma realização mais elevada.”

विपन्नाःfailed, unsuccessful
विपन्नाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootविपन्न (वि+पद् → विपद्यते; कृदन्त-विशेषण)
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
धारणाःconcentrations; yogic fixations
धारणाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधारणा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
तातdear one; son (vocative address)
तात:
TypeNoun
Rootतात
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
नयन्तिlead; take (to)
नयन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootनी
FormPresent, 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
शुभाम्auspicious; good
शुभाम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootशुभ
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
गतिम्course; destination; attainment
गतिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगति
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
नेतृहीनाःdevoid of a pilot/leader
नेतृहीनाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootनेतृहीन
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
यथाjust as
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
नावःboats
नावः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनौ
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
पुरुषान्men; persons
पुरुषान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपुरुष
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
अर्णवेin the ocean
अर्णवे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअर्णव
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
उपयान्तिreach; attain; arrive at
उपयान्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootउप+या
FormPresent, 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
तातdear one (vocative)
तात:
TypeNoun
Rootतात
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
N
nṛpa (the king, i.e., Yudhiṣṭhira as addressee)
N
nāvaḥ (boat)
A
arṇava (ocean/sea)
D
dhāraṇā (yogic concentration)

Educational Q&A

Spiritual techniques (dhāraṇā and related yogic disciplines) must be properly established and guided; if they are defective or incomplete, they cannot lead to auspicious spiritual progress—just as a boat needs a helmsman to cross the ocean.

In Śānti Parva, Bhīṣma instructs the king on dharma and inner discipline. Here he uses a practical metaphor—an unguided boat at sea—to warn that unguided or failed yogic concentration practices do not yield the promised higher good.