Shloka 9
Adhyāya 283: Varṇa-vṛtti, Nyāya-ārjana, and the Decline-and-Restoration of Dharma (वर्णवृत्तिः न्यायार्जनं च)
ऋषय: पितरश्वैव आगता ब्रह्मणा सह । ऊष्मपा (सूर्यकी किरणोंका पान करनेवाले), सोमपा (सोमरस पीनेवाले), धूमपा (यज्ञमें धूम-पान करनेवाले) और आज्यपा (घृत-पान करनेवाले) पितर और ऋषि भी ब्रह्माजीके साथ उस यज्ञमें पधारे थे ।। एते चान्ये च बहवो भूतग्रामाश्षतुर्विधा:
ṛṣayaḥ pitaraś caiva āgatā brahmaṇā saha | ūṣmapāḥ somapā dhūmapā ājyapāś ca pitara ṛṣayaś ca brahmaṇā saha tasmin yajñe samāgatāḥ || ete cānye ca bahavo bhūtagrāmāś caturvidhāḥ |
Vaiśampāyana disse: Os sábios (Ṛṣis) e os Pais (Pitṛs) também chegaram juntamente com Brahmā. Esses Pitṛs e Ṛṣis—chamados ‘bebedores de calor’ (ūṣmapā), ‘bebedores de Soma’ (somapā), ‘bebedores da fumaça do sacrifício’ (dhūmapā) e ‘bebedores de ghee’ (ājyapā)—vieram com Brahmā àquele sacrifício. E, além deles, muitas outras multidões de seres, de quatro espécies, também estavam presentes.
वैशम्पायन उवाच
Educational Q&A
The verse underscores the dharmic vision that sacrifice (yajña) is not merely a human act but a cosmic institution: sages and ancestral beings participate, showing continuity between generations and reinforcing the ethical duty of honoring ṛṣis, gods, and Pitṛs through rightful ritual.
Vaiśampāyana describes a grand sacrificial gathering where Brahmā arrives accompanied by Ṛṣis and various classes of Pitṛs (ūṣmapā, somapā, dhūmapā, ājyapā). He adds that many other beings, described as fourfold in kind, are also assembled at the yajña.