Shloka 59

अध्याय २८१ — दानधर्मः, न्यायागतधनम्, ऋणत्रय-परिशोधनं च

Dāna ethics, lawful wealth, and settling obligations

Devanagari script

समवाप्य श्रियं देवो हत्वारींश्व॒ सहस्रश: । प्रहर्षमतुलं लेभे वासव: पृथिवीपते,पृथ्वीनाथ! देवराज इन्द्रने सहस्रों शत्रुओंका वध करके अपनी खोयी हुई राजलक्ष्मीको पाकर अनुपम आनन्द प्राप्त किया

Transliteration

samavāpya śriyaṃ devo hatvārīṃś ca sahasraśaḥ | praharṣam atulaṃ lebhe vāsavaḥ pṛthivīpate pṛthvīnātha ||

Translation

Bhīṣma disse: “Ó senhor da terra, o deus Vāsava (Indra), após abater inimigos aos milhares, recuperou sua fortuna régia e alcançou uma exultação incomparável.”

Word by Word

• समवाप्य: having regained/obtained
• समवाप्य: Karma
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम् + अव + आप् (धातु) → समवाप्य (क्त्वान्त)
• Form: क्त्वा (ल्यप्), कर्तरि, —

• श्रियम्: fortune, royal prosperity
• श्रियम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: श्री (स्त्री)
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• देवः: the god (Indra)
• देवः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: देव (पुं)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• हत्वा: having slain
• हत्वा: Karma
• Type: Verb
• Root: हन् (धातु) → हत्वा (क्त्वान्त)
• Form: क्त्वा, कर्तरि, —

• अरीन्: enemies
• अरीन्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अरि (पुं)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• सहस्रशः: by thousands, in thousands
• सहस्रशः: Karma
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सहस्रशस् (अव्यय)
• Form: true

• प्रहर्षम्: joy, exhilaration
• प्रहर्षम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्रहर्ष (पुं)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• अतुलम्: incomparable
• अतुलम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अतुल (विशेषण)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• लेभे: obtained, received
• लेभे: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: लभ् (धातु)
• Form: लिट् (परिपूर्णभूत/परोक्शभूत), आत्मनेपद, Third, Singular

• वासवः: Vāsava (Indra)
• वासवः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: वासव (पुं) (इन्द्र)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• पृथिवीपते: O lord of the earth (king)
• पृथिवीपते: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: पृथिवीपति (पुं)
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

• पृथ्वीनाथ: O protector/lord of the earth
• पृथ्वीनाथ: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: पृथ्वी-नाथ (पुं)
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

Speaker

भीष्म उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Bhīṣma
• Vāsava (Indra)
• Pṛthivīpati/Pṛthvīnātha (the king addressed, i.e., Yudhiṣṭhira)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

Restored power and prosperity (śrī) can produce overwhelming elation; therefore a ruler must restrain triumphal intoxication and keep victory aligned with dharma, using regained sovereignty for protection and justice rather than pride.

What is happening in the narrative?

Bhīṣma cites Indra (Vāsava) as an example: after killing vast numbers of enemies, Indra recovers his lost royal fortune and experiences incomparable joy, presented as a model/illustration within Bhīṣma’s instruction to the king.