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Shloka 2

कामद्रुम-रूपकः तथा शरीर-पुर-रूपकः

The Desire-Tree and the Body-as-City Metaphors

व्यासजी कहते हैं--बेटा! देह, इन्द्रिय और मन आदि जो प्रकृतिके विकार हैं, वे क्षेत्रज् (आत्मा) के ही आधारपर स्थित रहते हैं। वे जड होनेके कारण क्षेत्रज्ञको नहीं जानते; परंतु क्षेत्रज्ष गन सबको जानता है ।।

vyāsa uvāca | adhyātmaṃ yad idaṃ tāta puruṣasyeha paṭhyate | tat te 'haṃ vartayiṣyāmi tasya vyākhyām imāṃ śṛṇu || kṣetra-jñaḥ kṣetra-bhūtānāṃ dehendriya-mano-ādīnām āśrayaḥ | te jaḍāḥ kṣetra-jñaṃ na jānanti kṣetra-jñas tu sarvān jānāti || taiś caivaṃ kurute kāryaṃ manaḥ-ṣaṣṭhair ihendriyaiḥ | sudāntair iva saṃyantā dṛḍhaḥ paramavājibhiḥ ||

Vyāsa disse: “Meu filho, aquilo que aqui se ensina como ‘adhyātma’—a doutrina interior acerca do ser humano—agora te explicarei. Ouve esta exposição. O corpo, os sentidos e a mente—modificações de Prakṛti—mantêm-se apoiados no Conhecedor do Campo (Kṣetrajña, o Si). Por serem insensíveis, não conhecem o Conhecedor; mas o Conhecedor conhece a todos. Assim, com os sentidos (tendo a mente como o sexto), o Conhecedor realiza toda ação neste mundo—como um cocheiro firme que, dominando cavalos poderosos e bem treinados, faz com que cumpram seu trabalho com eficácia.”

व्यासःVyasa
व्यासः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootव्यास
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
अध्यात्मम्the subject of the self / spiritual doctrine
अध्यात्मम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअध्यात्म
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
यत्which
यत्:
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
इदम्this
इदम्:
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
तातdear son / dear one
तात:
TypeNoun
Rootतात
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
पुरुषस्यof a person
पुरुषस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootपुरुष
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
इहhere / in this context
इह:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह
पठ्यतेis taught / is read
पठ्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootपठ्
FormPresent, 3, Singular, Atmanepada, Indicative
तत्that
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
तेto you
ते:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormDative, Singular
अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootअहम्
FormNominative, Singular
वर्तयिष्यामिI shall expound / set forth
वर्तयिष्यामि:
TypeVerb
Rootवृत्
FormFuture, 1, Singular, Parasmaipada
तस्यof that
तस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Genitive, Singular
व्याख्याम्explanation
व्याख्याम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootव्याख्या
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
इमाम्this
इमाम्:
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
शृणुlisten
शृणु:
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु
FormImperative, 2, Singular, Parasmaipada

व्यास उवाच

V
Vyāsa
K
kṣetrajña (Ātman/Self)
K
kṣetra (body-mind field)
D
deha (body)
I
indriyas (senses)
M
manas (mind)
P
prakṛti (nature)
S
saṃyantā (charioteer)
V
vājinaḥ (horses)

Educational Q&A

The passage distinguishes the conscious Self (kṣetrajña) from the insentient body–mind apparatus (kṣetra). Body, senses, and mind are Prakṛti’s modifications and cannot ‘know’ the Self; rather, the Self illumines and knows them. Ethical mastery arises when the Self, like a skilled charioteer, keeps the mind and senses disciplined and uses them rightly for action.

Vyāsa begins an instructional discourse on adhyātma addressed to a ‘dear child’ (tāta). He introduces a philosophical framework—Self versus body-mind—and illustrates it with the charioteer-and-horses analogy to explain how disciplined senses and mind enable effective, righteous action.