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Shloka 3

सूक्ष्मभूत-भूतात्मविज्ञानम्

Knowing the subtle principle and the bhūtātman through yoga

कषायं पाचयित्वा$<शु श्रेणिस्थानेषु च त्रिषु । प्रव्रजेच्च परं स्थान पारिव्राज्यमनुत्तमम्‌,पंक्तिक्रमसे स्थित पूर्वोक्त तीन आश्रम ब्रह्मचर्य, गृहस्थ और वानप्रस्थमें चित्तके राग- द्वेष आदि दोषोंको पकाकर--उन्हें नष्ट करके शीघ्र ही सर्वोत्तम चतुर्थ आश्रम संन्‍्यासको ग्रहण कर ले

kaṣāyaṃ pācayitvāśu śreṇisthāneṣu ca triṣu | pravrajec ca paraṃ sthānaṃ pārivrājyam anuttamam ||

Vyāsa disse: Tendo rapidamente “cozido” (amadurecido e queimado) as impurezas interiores, e tendo passado devidamente pelas três estações ordenadas da vida, deve-se renunciar e entrar no estado mais elevado: a vida insuperável do mendicante errante (saṃnyāsa). O sentido ético é que a renúncia não é fuga, mas a culminação de uma purificação disciplinada e de deveres cumpridos, onde se extinguem o apego e a aversão.

कषायम्impurity; defilement (lit. dross)
कषायम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकषाय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
पाचयित्वाhaving digested/cooked (i.e., having matured/removed)
पाचयित्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootपच्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage), non-finite
अशुquickly
अशु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअशु
श्रेणि-स्थानेषुin the stations/positions of the (ordered) stages
श्रेणि-स्थानेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootश्रेणि-स्थान
FormNeuter, Locative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
त्रिषुin the three
त्रिषु:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootत्रि
FormNeuter, Locative, Plural
प्रव्रजेत्should go forth; should renounce
प्रव्रजेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-√व्रज्
FormVidhi-linga, Optative, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
परम्highest; supreme
परम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपर
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
स्थानम्state; abode; position
स्थानम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootस्थान
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
पारिव्राज्यम्the life of a wandering renunciant; mendicancy
पारिव्राज्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपारिव्राज्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अनुत्तमम्unsurpassed; most excellent
अनुत्तमम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootअनुत्तम
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular

व्यास उवाच

V
Vyāsa
T
three āśramas (brahmacarya, gṛhastha, vānaprastha)
P
pārivrājya/saṃnyāsa (fourth āśrama)

Educational Q&A

Renunciation (saṃnyāsa/pārivrājya) is presented as the highest stage, to be undertaken after one has purified inner defilements (attachments, aversions, passions) and properly lived through the three prior āśramas; it emphasizes maturity, duty, and inner cleansing as prerequisites for the supreme path.

In Śānti Parva’s instruction on dharma and life-stages, Vyāsa advises the listener that after completing the ordered progression of brahmacarya, gṛhastha, and vānaprastha—and after destroying inner stains—one should ‘go forth’ into the unsurpassed wandering renunciant life.