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Shloka 10

Ātma-saṃyama-dharma: One-pointedness of Mind and Senses (शुक–व्यास संवादः)

शुक उवाच यदिदं वेदवचनं लोकवादे विरुध्यते । प्रमाणे वाप्रमाणे च विरुद्धे शास्त्रता कुत:

śuka uvāca yad idaṃ vedavacanaṃ lokavāde virudhyate | pramāṇe vāpramāṇe ca viruddhe śāstratā kutaḥ ||

Śuka disse: “Pai, este ensinamento védico, quando pesado à luz do raciocínio comum do mundo, parece contradizer-se. Ele fala de duas maneiras—‘pratica a ação’ e ‘abandona a ação’. Essas afirmações são autorizadas ou não? E, se são autorizadas, como podem ser aceitas como śāstra quando se opõem mutuamente? Como ambas podem ser válidas ao mesmo tempo? Desejo ouvir isso com clareza—e também como a libertação pode ser alcançada sem cair em conflito a respeito da ação.”

शुकःŚuka
शुकः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशुक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
यत्that which
यत्:
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
इदम्this
इदम्:
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
वेद-वचनम्Vedic statement
वेद-वचनम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवेदवचन
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
लोक-वादेin common talk / popular discourse
लोक-वादे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootलोकवाद
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
विरुध्यतेis contradicted / conflicts
विरुध्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootरुध्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Atmanepada, Passive
प्रमाणेin (the status of) being authoritative
प्रमाणे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootप्रमाण
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
अप्रमाणेin (the status of) being non-authoritative
अप्रमाणे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootअप्रमाण
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
विरुद्धेwhen (they are) mutually contradictory
विरुद्धे:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootविरुद्ध
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
शास्त्रताscriptural authority / being scripture
शास्त्रता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशास्त्रता
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
कुतःwhence? how (is it possible)?
कुतः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकुतस्

शुक उवाच

Ś
Śuka (Śukadeva)

Educational Q&A

The verse frames a classic hermeneutic problem: the Veda appears to teach both engagement in action (pravṛtti) and withdrawal/renunciation (nivṛtti). Śuka asks how both can be authoritative despite seeming contradiction, and how liberation can be achieved without rejecting action in a way that conflicts with dharma.

Śuka, in dialogue with his father (traditionally Vyāsa), raises a philosophical doubt about the Veda’s mixed injunctions. He requests a resolution: whether the statements are pramāṇa, how they can be śāstra if mutually opposed, and the practical path to mokṣa that does not create a quarrel with the domain of karma.