Shloka 33

Āśrama-dharma and Brahmacarya: Śuka’s Inquiry on Karma and Tyāga (शुक-प्रश्नः कर्मत्यागविवेकश्च)

Devanagari script

नाम्ना च झ्ुतिमान्‌ नाम शाल्वराज: प्रतापवान्‌ | दत्त्वा राज्यमूचीकाय गतो लोकाननुत्तमान्‌,प्रतापी शाल्वराज द्युतिमानने ऋचीकको राज्य देकर परम उत्तम लोक प्राप्त किये थे

Transliteration

nāmnā ca dyutimān nāma śālvarājaḥ pratāpavān | dattvā rājyam ṛcīkāya gato lokān anuttamān ||

Translation

Vyāsa disse: Houve um poderoso rei de Śālva, célebre pelo nome Dyutimān. Tendo concedido o seu reino a Ṛcīka, partiu e alcançou os mundos insuperáveis.

Word by Word

• नाम्ना: by name
• नाम्ना: Karana
• Type: Noun
• Root: नामन्
• Form: Neuter, Instrumental, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• द्युतिमान्: splendid, radiant
• द्युतिमान्: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: द्युतिमत्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• नाम: name (namely)
• Type: Noun
• Root: नामन्
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• शाल्वराजः: the king of the Śālvas
• शाल्वराजः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: शाल्वराज
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• प्रतापवान्: mighty, valorous
• प्रतापवान्: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्रतापवत्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• दत्त्वा: having given
• Type: Verb
• Root: दा
• Form: क्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral)

• राज्यम्: kingdom
• राज्यम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: राज्य
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• ऊचीकाय: to Ūcīka
• ऊचीकाय: Sampradana
• Type: Noun
• Root: ऊचीक
• Form: Masculine, Dative, Singular

• गतः: gone, departed
• गतः: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: गम्
• Form: क्त (past passive participle used actively), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• लोकान्: worlds, realms
• लोकान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: लोक
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• अनुत्तमान्: unsurpassed, most excellent
• अनुत्तमान्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: अनुत्तम
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

Speaker

व्यास उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vyāsa
• Dyutimān
• Śālvarāja (King of Śālva)
• Śālva
• Ṛcīka
• anuttamā lokāḥ (unsurpassed worlds)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse upholds the dharmic model of rulership: a king who relinquishes sovereignty properly—by gifting the kingdom to a worthy successor rather than clinging to power—earns spiritual merit and attains higher realms.

What is happening in the narrative?

Vyāsa recounts an exemplar: Dyutimān, the powerful king of Śālva, hands over his kingdom to Ṛcīka and then departs, ultimately reaching the highest worlds.