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Shloka 3

ब्राह्मणस्य पूर्वतरा वृत्तिः — The Earlier Ideal Conduct of a Brahmana

River-of-Saṃsāra Metaphor

भीष्म उवाच पुत्रदारै: सुखैश्वैव वियुक्तस्य धनेन वा । मग्नस्य व्यसने कृच्छे धृति: श्रेयल्करी नूप

bhīṣma uvāca putradāraiḥ sukhaiś caiva viyuktasya dhanena vā | magnasya vyasane kṛcchre dhṛtiḥ śreyaskarī nṛpa ||

Disse Bhishma: “Ó rei, para aquele que foi separado de filhos e esposa, ou dos confortos e até da riqueza—aquele que afundou na calamidade e na dura aflição—é a firmeza da mente (dhṛti) que traz o verdadeiro bem. Na adversidade, a resistência e a fortaleza interior tornam-se o apoio mais benéfico, conduzindo a pessoa de volta ao que é reto e salutar.”

भीष्मःBhishma
भीष्मः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभीष्म
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect (Paroksha-bhuta), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
पुत्रदारैःfrom sons and wife (family)
पुत्रदारैः:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्रदार
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural
सुखैःfrom pleasures/happinesses
सुखैः:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootसुख
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural
एवindeed/just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
वियुक्तस्यof one separated/deprived
वियुक्तस्य:
TypeAdjective
Rootवि-युज्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular, Past passive participle (क्त)
धनेनfrom wealth / by wealth
धनेन:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootधन
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
वाor
वा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवा
मग्नस्यof one sunk/immersed
मग्नस्य:
TypeAdjective
Rootमग्न
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular, Past passive participle (क्त) from √मज्ज्
व्यसनेin calamity/misfortune
व्यसने:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootव्यसन
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
कृच्छ्रेin distress/hardship
कृच्छ्रे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकृच्छ्र
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
धृतिःsteadfastness/fortitude
धृतिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधृति
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
श्रेयस्करीbeneficial; producing good
श्रेयस्करी:
TypeAdjective
Rootश्रेयस्-कर
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular, Agent noun (णिनि/कृदन्त sense: 'one who makes')
नूनम्surely/indeed
नूनम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनूनम्

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
N
nṛpa (the king, i.e., Yudhiṣṭhira)
S
sons (putra)
W
wife/spouse (dāra)
W
wealth (dhana)

Educational Q&A

When a person loses family, comforts, or wealth and is overwhelmed by misfortune, dhṛti—steady inner resolve and endurance—is the most beneficial virtue. It preserves clarity and dharma when external supports collapse.

In the Śānti Parva, Bhishma instructs the king (Yudhiṣṭhira) on righteous conduct and mental discipline after the war. Here he emphasizes that in severe distress, steadfastness is the key support for recovery and right action.