Shloka 4

अत्राह को न्वयं भाव: स्वप्ने विषयवानिव । प्रलीनैरिन्द्रियैदेही वर्तते देहवानिव,यहाँ पूर्व पक्ष यह प्रश्न उठाता है कि स्वप्नमें जो यह देहादि पदार्थ दिखायी देता है, क्या है? (सत्य है या असत्य? यदि कहें कि सत्य है तो ठीक नहीं; क्योंकि) स्वप्रावस्थामें सब कुछ विषयोंसे सम्पन्न-सा दिखायी देनेपर भी वास्तवमें वहाँ कोई विषय नहीं होता, सारी इन्द्रियाँ उस समय मनमें विलीन हो जाती हैं। उन्हीं इन्द्रियोंसे देहाभिमानी जीव देहधारी- जैसा बर्ताव करता है। और यदि कहें कि स्वप्नके पदार्थ असत्य हैं तो यह भी ठीक नहीं; क्योंकि जो सर्वथा असत्‌ है, (जैसे आकाशका पुष्प) उसकी प्रतीति ही नहीं होती

atrāha ko nv ayaṃ bhāvaḥ svapne viṣayavān iva | pralīnair indriyaiḥ dehī vartate dehavān iva ||

Bhishma disse: “Aqui se levanta uma dúvida: qual é o estatuto dessa experiência no sonho, que parece conter objetos reais? Pois, no sonho, os sentidos se dissolvem (ficam inativos) e, ainda assim, o ser encarnado se comporta como se tivesse um corpo e se movesse entre objetos sensoriais. Assim, o sonho não parece ser nem simplesmente real nem simplesmente irreal; esta questão é formulada para esclarecer a natureza da experiência e do eu.”

अत्रhere
अत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअत्र
अहindeed/ah (emphatic particle)
अह:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअह
कःwhat?/which (one)?
कः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
नुindeed/then (interrogative particle)
नु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनु
अयम्this
अयम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भावःstate/nature/reality
भावः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभाव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
स्वप्नेin a dream
स्वप्ने:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootस्वप्न
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
विषयवान्possessed of objects; having sense-objects
विषयवान्:
TypeAdjective
Rootविषयवत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
इवas if/like
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
प्रलीनैःwith (the) dissolved/merged (ones)
प्रलीनैः:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रलीन
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural
इन्द्रियैःby/with the senses
इन्द्रियैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootइन्द्रिय
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Plural
देहीthe embodied one (self)
देही:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदेहिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वर्ततेbehaves/exists/acts
वर्तते:
TypeVerb
Rootवृत्
FormPresent, Third, Singular, Atmanepada
देहवान्having a body; bodily
देहवान्:
TypeAdjective
Rootदेहवत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
इवas if/like
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
S
svapna (dream)
I
indriyas (senses)
D
dehī (embodied self)
D
deha (body)
V
viṣayas (sense-objects)

Educational Q&A

The verse frames a philosophical problem: in dream, experiences appear object-filled and embodied, even though the senses are inactive. This challenges simple labels of ‘real’ or ‘unreal’ and prepares the ground for inquiry into how consciousness constructs experience and what the self is apart from sensory operation.

In the Shanti Parva’s instruction on liberation-oriented wisdom, Bhishma introduces (or reports) a pūrvapakṣa-style doubt: if dream-objects are not present and the senses are merged, how does the experiencer still act as if embodied? The question sets up the subsequent resolution about the nature of perception, mind, and the self.