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Shloka 4

मनुरुवाच — इन्द्रिय-मनः-ज्ञान-क्रमः

Manu on the hierarchy of senses, mind, and knowledge

जप्यस्य च विधिं कृत्स्नं वक्तुमहसि मेडनघ । जापका इति किज्चैतत्‌ सांख्ययोगक्रियाविधि:,अनघ! आप मुझे जपकी सम्पूर्ण विधि भी बताइये। “जापक” इस पदसे क्‍या तात्पर्य है? क्या यह सांख्ययोग, ध्यानयोग अथवा क्रियायोगका अनुष्ठान है? अवमानेन कुरुते न प्रीयति न हृष्यति । ईदृशो जापको याति निरयं नात्र संशय: जो अवहेलनापूर्वक जप करता है, उसके प्रति प्रेम या प्रसन्नता नहीं प्रकट करता है, ऐसा जापक भी नि:संदेह नरकमें ही पड़ता है

yudhiṣṭhira uvāca | japyasya ca vidhiṁ kṛtsnaṁ vaktum arhasi medānagha | jāpaka iti kiṁ caitat sāṅkhyayogakriyāvidhiḥ, anagha! | avamānena kurute na prīyati na hṛṣyati | īdṛśo jāpako yāti nirayaṁ nātra saṁśayaḥ ||

Yudhiṣṭhira disse: “Ó irrepreensível, deves dizer-me por inteiro o procedimento completo do japa. E o que significa, precisamente, o termo ‘jāpaka’? É uma observância pertencente ao Sāṅkhya, ao Yoga (meditação) ou à disciplina ritual (kriyā)?” “Aquele que realiza o japa com desprezo—sem afeto reverente nem alegria—tal ‘jāpaka’ vai certamente ao inferno; disso não há dúvida.”

जप्यस्यof the (thing) to be recited / of japa
जप्यस्य:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootजप्य
FormNeuter, Genitive, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
विधिम्procedure, method
विधिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootविधि
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
कृत्स्नम्entire, complete
कृत्स्नम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootकृत्स्न
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
वक्तुम्to tell, to explain
वक्तुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormTumun (infinitive)
अर्हसिyou ought / you are able
अर्हसि:
TypeVerb
Rootअर्ह्
FormPresent (Lat), Second, Singular, Parasmaipada
मेदिनघO Medinagha (proper name/epithet)
मेदिनघ:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootमेदिनघ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
जापकाःreciters, performers of japa
जापकाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootजापक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
इतिthus, ‘so’ (quotative)
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
किम्what?
किम्:
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एतत्this
एतत्:
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
सांख्ययोगक्रियाविधिःthe method of Sāṅkhya, Yoga, and ritual action
सांख्ययोगक्रियाविधिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसांख्य-योग-क्रिया-विधि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अनघO sinless one
अनघ:
Sampradana
TypeAdjective
Rootअनघ
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
अवमानेनwith contempt, disrespectfully
अवमानेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootअवमान
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
कुरुतेdoes, performs
कुरुते:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormPresent (Lat), Third, Singular, Atmanepada
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
प्रीयतिis pleased, feels affection
प्रीयति:
TypeVerb
Rootप्री
FormPresent (Lat), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
हृष्यतिrejoices, is delighted
हृष्यति:
TypeVerb
Rootहृष्
FormPresent (Lat), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
ईदृशःsuch (a one)
ईदृशः:
TypeAdjective
Rootईदृश
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
जापकःa reciter / japa-performer
जापकः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootजापक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
यातिgoes, reaches
याति:
TypeVerb
Rootया
FormPresent (Lat), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
निरयम्hell
निरयम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनिरय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अत्रhere, in this matter
अत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअत्र
संशयःdoubt
संशयः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसंशय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

युधिछिर उवाच

Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
J
japa
J
jāpaka
N
niraya

Educational Q&A

The verse stresses that spiritual practice is judged not only by outward performance but by inner disposition: japa done with disrespect and without affectionate reverence is ethically blameworthy and leads to negative karmic results.

Yudhiṣṭhira questions a revered, ‘sinless’ teacher about the complete procedure of japa and the precise meaning of ‘jāpaka,’ asking whether it belongs to Sāṅkhya, Yoga, or ritual discipline; the passage also warns against contemptuous, joyless recitation.