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Shloka 11

जापक–इक्ष्वाकु–सत्यविवादः

The Jāpaka, Ikṣvāku, and the Dispute on Truth and Merit

वानप्रस्थानां च द्रव्योपस्कार इति प्रायशः खल्वेते साधव: साधुपथ्यौदना: स्वाध्यायप्रसड्धिन-स्तीर्थाभिगमनदेशदर्शनार्थ. पृथिवीं पर्यटन्ति । तेषां प्रत्युत्थानाभिगमनाभिवादनानसूयवाक्‌प्रदानसुखश- क्त्यासनसुखशयनाभ्यवहारसत्क्रिया चेति,वानप्रस्थोंके लिये धनका संग्रह करना निषिद्ध है। ये श्रेष्ठ लोग प्राय: शुद्ध एवं हितकर अन्नमात्रके इच्छुक होकर स्वाध्याय, तीर्थयात्रा एवं देश-दर्शनके निमित्त सारी पृथ्वीपर घूमते-फिरते हैं। ये घरपर पधारें तो उठकर, आगे बढ़कर इनका स्वागत करे। इनके चरणोंमें मस्तक झुकावे, दोषदृष्टि न रखकर उनसे उत्तम वचन बोले। यथाशक्ति सुखद आसन दे, सुखद शय्यापर उन्हें सुलावे और उत्तम भोजन करावे। इस प्रकार उनका पूर्ण सत्कार करे। यही उन श्रेष्ठ पुरुषके प्रति गृहस्थका कर्तव्य है

Bharadvāja uvāca: vānaprasthānāṃ ca dravyopaskāra iti prāyaśaḥ khalv ete sādhavaḥ sādhupathyau-danāḥ svādhyāya-prasaktinas tīrthābhigamana-deśa-darśanārthaṃ pṛthivīṃ paryaṭanti. teṣāṃ pratyutthānābhigamanābhivādanān asūyā-vāk-pradāna-sukha-śakty-āsana-sukha-śayana-abhyavahāra-satkriyā ceti.

Bharadvāja disse: “Quanto àqueles que ingressaram no estágio do morador da floresta (vānaprastha), a acumulação de riquezas e posses, na maior parte das vezes, não é o seu caminho. Esses homens virtuosos, desejando apenas alimento puro e salutar, peregrinam por toda a terra em razão do estudo védico (svādhyāya), das peregrinações aos lugares sagrados e da contemplação de diversas regiões. Quando tais moradores da floresta chegam à casa de alguém, deve-se levantar para saudá-los, avançar para recebê-los e oferecer reverentes saudações. Deve-se falar-lhes sem procurar faltas, com palavras agradáveis; e, conforme as próprias possibilidades, oferecer um assento confortável, um leito confortável e alimento apropriado, prestando-lhes plena hospitalidade. Este é o dever do chefe de família (gṛhastha) para com pessoas tão excelentes.”

वानप्रस्थानाम्of forest-dwellers (vānaprasthas)
वानप्रस्थानाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootवानप्रस्थ
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
द्रव्योपस्कारःaccumulation/provision of goods (property & equipment)
द्रव्योपस्कारः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootद्रव्योपस्कार
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
इतिthus (as said/so-called)
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
प्रायशःgenerally, for the most part
प्रायशः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्रायशः
खलुindeed
खलु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootखलु
एतेthese
एते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
साधवःgood/virtuous men
साधवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसाधु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
साधुgood, proper
साधु:
TypeAdjective
Rootसाधु
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
पथ्यौदनाःhaving wholesome food (as their fare)
पथ्यौदनाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootपथ्यौदन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
स्वाध्यायप्रसक्तिनःdevoted to self-study (svādhyāya)
स्वाध्यायप्रसक्तिनः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootस्वाध्याय-प्रसक्तिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तीर्थाभिगमनदेशदर्शनार्थम्for the purpose of visiting sacred fords and seeing regions
तीर्थाभिगमनदेशदर्शनार्थम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootतीर्थ-अभिगमन-देश-दर्शन-अर्थ
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
पृथिवीम्the earth
पृथिवीम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपृथिवी
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
पर्यटन्तिthey wander about
पर्यटन्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootपरि + अट्
FormPresent, Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
तेषाम्of them / for them
तेषाम्:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
प्रत्युत्थानrising up (in respect)
प्रत्युत्थान:
TypeNoun
Rootप्रति + उत् + स्था (प्रत्युत्थान)
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
अभिगमनgoing forth to meet
अभिगमन:
TypeNoun
Rootअभि + गम् (अभिगमन)
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
अभिवादनsalutation
अभिवादन:
TypeNoun
Rootअभि + वद् (अभिवादन)
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
अनसूयवाक्speech free from fault-finding (non-censorious words)
अनसूयवाक्:
TypeNoun
Rootअनसूय-वाक्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
प्रदानgiving, offering
प्रदान:
TypeNoun
Rootप्र + दा (प्रदान)
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
सुखशक्त्यासनa comfortable seat according to one's ability
सुखशक्त्यासन:
TypeNoun
Rootसुख-शक्ति-आसन
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
सुखशयनcomfortable bedding/resting place
सुखशयन:
TypeNoun
Rootसुख-शयन
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
अभ्यवहारfood, eating/feeding
अभ्यवहार:
TypeNoun
Rootअभि + आ + हृ (अभ्यवहार)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सत्क्रियाproper hospitality/service
सत्क्रिया:
TypeNoun
Rootसत् + क्रिया
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
इतिthus (in sum)
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति

भरद्वाज उवाच

B
Bharadvāja
V
vānaprastha (forest-dwellers)
P
pṛthivī (the earth)
T
tīrtha (pilgrimage places)

Educational Q&A

Forest-dwellers (vānaprasthas) should not be oriented toward accumulating possessions; householders, in turn, must honour them through respectful reception, non-critical speech, and practical hospitality—seat, lodging, and food—according to their means.

Bharadvāja describes the typical conduct of vānaprasthas—wandering for study and pilgrimage—and then prescribes how a householder should behave when such renunciant travelers arrive: rise, greet, salute, speak kindly, and provide appropriate comforts and meals.