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Shloka 20

सत्य–अनृत, प्रकाश–तमस्, स्वर्ग–नरक विवेचनम्

Truth and Untruth as Light and Darkness; Svarga and Naraka as Ethical Consequences

आकाशका ऊपरी भाग उनका सिर है, पृथ्वी पैर है और दिशाएँ भुजाएँ हैं। वे अचिन्त्यस्वरूप ब्रह्मा सिद्ध पुरुषोंके लिये भी दुर्विज्ञेय हैं, इसमें संशय नहीं है ।। स एष भगवान्‌ विष्णुरनन्त इति विश्रुतः । सर्वभूतात्मभूतस्थो दुर्विज्ञेयोडकृतात्मभि:,वह स्वयम्भू ही भगवान्‌ विष्णु हैं, जो अनन्त नामसे प्रसिद्ध हैं, वे ही सम्पूर्ण भूतोंके अन्त:करणमें अन्तर्यामी आत्माके रूपमें विद्यमान हैं। जिनका हृदय शुद्ध नहीं है, उनके लिये इनके स्वरूपको ठीक-ठीक जानना बहुत कठिन है

ākāśa-kā uparī bhāga unakā śira hai, pṛthvī paira hai aura diśāeṁ bhujāeṁ haiṁ. te acintya-svarūpa brahmā siddha-puruṣoṁ ke liye bhī durvijñeya haiṁ, ismeṁ saṁśaya nahīṁ hai. sa eṣa bhagavān viṣṇur ananta iti viśrutaḥ; sarva-bhūtātma-bhūta-stho durvijñeyo 'kṛtātmabhiḥ.

Bhīṣma disse: “A vasta abóbada do céu é a sua cabeça; a terra, os seus pés; as direções, os seus braços. Sua forma é inconcebível; até Brahmā e os sábios perfeitos têm dificuldade em compreendê-lo—disso não há dúvida. Ele é o próprio Senhor Viṣṇu, célebre como Ananta, que habita como o Si interior no coração de todos os seres. Para aqueles cuja natureza íntima não foi purificada, conhecer de fato a sua realidade é extremamente difícil.”

सःhe; that (one)
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
एषःthis (one)
एषः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भगवान्the Blessed Lord
भगवान्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभगवत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
विष्णुःVishnu
विष्णुः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootविष्णु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अनन्तःendless; Ananta
अनन्तः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअनन्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
इतिthus; as
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
विश्रुतःwell-known; renowned
विश्रुतः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootवि-श्रु (धातु) → विश्रुत (कृदन्त)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सर्वभूतात्मभूतस्थःwhose self is (present as) the self of all beings; abiding in all beings
सर्वभूतात्मभूतस्थः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व + भूत + आत्मन् + भूत + स्थ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
दुर्विज्ञेयःhard to be known; difficult to understand
दुर्विज्ञेयः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootदुर् + विज्ञेय (वि-ज्ञा धातु, तव्य/यत्-प्रत्यय)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अकृतात्मभिःby the unpurified (self-uncontrolled) persons
अकृतात्मभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootअकृतात्मन्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Plural

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhishma
V
Vishnu
A
Ananta
B
Brahma
S
Siddhas (perfected sages)
A
Akasha (sky/ether)
P
Prithvi (earth)
D
Dik/Disas (directions)

Educational Q&A

The verse teaches that the Supreme (identified as Viṣṇu/Ananta) pervades the cosmos and dwells within every being as the inner Self, yet remains ultimately inconceivable; genuine understanding requires inner purification and disciplined character.

In the Śānti Parva’s instruction to Yudhiṣṭhira, Bhīṣma continues a theological exposition, describing the Lord’s cosmic pervasion and emphasizing that even exalted beings struggle to grasp Him, while the impure-minded find true knowledge of Him especially difficult.