Shloka 2
मृत्यु-काल-प्रबोधनम् (Instruction on Mortality, Time, and Truth) — Mahābhārata, Śānti-parva 169
Devanagari script
कीदृशा मानवा: सौम्या: कै: प्रीति: परमा भवेत् । आयत्यां च तदात्वे च के क्षमास्तान् वदस्व मे
Translation
“Como são os homens afáveis e de boa índole? Com quem é mais elevada a afeição e a amizade? E, no presente e no futuro, que tipo de homens é capaz de fazer o bem e prestar auxílio? Dize-me tudo isso.”
Word by Word
कीदृशाःof what kind
कीदृशाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootकीदृश
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
मानवाःmen, humans
मानवाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमानव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
सौम्याःgentle, amiable
सौम्याः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसौम्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
कैःwith whom / by whom
कैः:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
प्रीतिःaffection, love
प्रीतिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्रीति
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
परमाsupreme, highest
परमा:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootपरम
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
भवेत्may be / should be
भवेत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
FormOptative (Vidhi-lin), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
आयत्याम्in the future
आयत्याम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootआयति
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
तदात्वेin the present time
तदात्वे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootतदात्व
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
चand
च:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच
केwhich (people)
के:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
क्षमाःcapable, competent
क्षमाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootक्षम
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तान्those (people)
तान्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
वदस्वtell, speak
वदस्व:
TypeVerb
Rootवद्
FormImperative (Lot), 2nd, Singular, Parasmaipada
मेto me
मे:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormDative, Singular
Speaker
युधिछिर उवाच
Character Dynamics
Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)
War Context
Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Philosophical Teaching
Political Layer
Geographic Context
Meter (Chandas)
Sandhi Notes